Himalayas formation may have destroyed at least 30% of continental crust in collision zone

Earth's continents are slowly moving across the planet's surface due to plate tectonics, culminating in regions of crustal expansion and collision. In the latter case, high temperatures and pressures lead to the reworking of the crust, affecting its composition, as well as that of the underlying mantle. Furthermore, when two continental plates collide, distinct topographic features are produced, namely mountain ranges, which are surficial manifests of Earth's thickened crust.

Phys.org
We discovered a new way mountains are formed – from β€˜mantle waves’ inside the Earth

Motion deep in the Earth called a mantle wave can lift up the toughest parts of our planet.

The Conversation
Magma and mountain building at the Columbia River Gorge | EarthScope Consortium

The Columbia River has sawed its way to the sea as a mountain range grew up around it. There is history to be read in the walls of the gorge, including history of the mountains’ rise.

EarthScope Consortium
Scientists May Have Solved The Mystery Of How The Andes Got So Big
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https://www.sciencealert.com/scientists-may-have-solved-the-mystery-of-how-the-andes-got-so-big <-- shared article
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118009 <-- shared paper
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[although my postgrad was in geology and I am licensed in the field, it has been a number of years since I worked directly in a geologic discipline; that said, I very much like to try and keep up with β€˜things geology’…]
#GIS #spatial #mapping #geology #southamerica #data #modeling #model #mathematics #mathematicalmodeling #structuralgeology #andes #chile #peru #platetectonics #tectonics #tectonic #movement #mountain #mountainbuilding #remotesensing #geologists #orogeny #vulcanism #pointers #APM #RPM
Scientists May Have Solved The Mystery of How The Andes Got So Big

By any measure, the Andes mountains are very, very big.

ScienceAlert