Paul Houle𧬠Hidden patterns link ribosomal RNAs to genes of the nervous system
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2025-10-hidden-patterns-link-ribosomal-rnas.html
#biology #molbio #rna #brain #neuroscience #genetics #ribosomes #health #disease
preLightsISR alone wonβt cut it: stalled ribosomes block stress granule formation despite ISR activation.
Mohammed Jalloh highlights a #preprint from the Moon lab.
#preLight β¬οΈ π
π https://prelights.biologists.com/highlights/trna-synthetase-activity-is-required-for-stress-granule-and-p-body-assembly/
#biology #stress #StressGranules #translation #biochemistry #ribosomes
Amelia Cervera π§¬30S-seq redefines the bacterial Ribosome Binding Site.
#Ribosomes #30Ssubunit #ShineDalgarnoMotif #TranslationInitiation #Ecoli #Preprint
30S-seq redefines the bacterial Ribosome Binding Site
The translation initiation step is rate limiting for the efficiency of gene expression in all organisms. However, the mechanism of ribosome recruitment to mRNA start sites strikingly differs between eukaryotes and prokaryotes. The eukaryotic small (40S) ribosomal subunit binds 5' end caps and scans for the start codon while the bacterial small (30S) subunit directly binds to the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) motif close to the initiation site. Pioneer studies have shown rare 30S loading events further upstream within 5' untranslated regions (5'UTRs), at ribosome standby sites (1-3). Together with the frequent occurrence of long bacterial mRNA 5'UTRs and degenerated SD sequences, this indicates that the 30S subunit might bind upstream of the SD more commonly than currently thought. We therefore developed 30S-seq to map 30S-mRNA interactions in a bacterial transcriptome (Escherichia coli), inspired by translation complex profile sequencing (TCP-seq) previously used in eukaryotes (4,5). Our results provide new and unsuspected insights into the behaviour of 30S and 70S complexes during the canonical translation initiation process. Notably, 30S subunits are recruited upstream of the start codon, primed to receive the SD released by the departing 70S ribosome. Remarkably, we also find hundreds of non-canonical 30S binding sites within mRNA 5'UTRs, sometimes over 100 nucleotides upstream of the start region. We validated several of these upstream ribosome binding sites, and demonstrated their strong impact on gene expression. Thus, even in bacteria, ribosomes frequently bind mRNAs outside of the start region to initiate translation, challenging the classic ribosome binding site model. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.
A versatile toolbox for determining IRES activity in cells and embryonic tissues.
#IRES #Ribosomes #InternalRibosomeEntrySites
https://www.embopress.org/doi/full/10.1038/s44318-025-00404-5
#IRES #Ribosomes #InternalRibosomeEntrySites
https://www.embopress.org/doi/full/10.1038/s44318-025-00404-5
Long-term imaging of individual ribosomes reveals ribosome cooperativity in mRNA translation.
#RNA #Translation #Ribosomes
https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(25)00045-5
#RNA #Translation #Ribosomes
https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(25)00045-5
CellBioNews#Ribosomes team up in difficult situations, new #imaging method reveals.
#microscopy #mRNA #translation
https://phys.org/news/2025-01-ribosomes-team-difficult-situations-imaging.html
Ribosomes team up in difficult situations, new imaging method reveals
Researchers from the Tanenbaum group at the Hubrecht Institute have developed a new microscopy technique to observe how ribosomes function in cells. With this method, they can monitor individual ribosomes as they convert mRNA into proteins.
PLOS BiologyBoth proteins & mRNAs have global basal-apical polarization in mouse #intestinal epithelium. Study of human intestinal cells by @SItzkovitz &co shows that while mRNAs are similarly polarized, human #mitochondria & #ribosomes are less polarized #PLOSBiology https://plos.io/3OGRZ1M
Intracellular polarization of RNAs and proteins in the human small intestinal epithelium
The intestinal epithelium is a polarized monolayer of cells and both proteins and mRNAs have been shown to have global basal-apical polarization in mice. These authors perform a systematic analysis of human intestinal cells and show that while mRNAs have similar polarization patterns than in mice, mitochondria and ribosomes are less polarized in humans.
michael28-Nov-2024
U-M, multinational team of scientists reveal structural link for initiation of #ProteinBiosynthesis in bacteria
researchers have used advanced microscopy to image how #ribosomes recruit to #mRNA while it's being transcribed by an enzyme called RNA polymerase, or RNAP. Their results, which examine the process in bacteria, are published in the journal #Science.
29-Nov-2024
#Bacteria ditch tags to dodge #antibiotics
Modified #ribosomes could be a new possible mechanism of #AntibioticResistance
Bacteria ditch tags to dodge antibiotics
Bacteria modify their ribosomes when exposed to widely used antibiotics, according to research in Nature Communications. The modified ribosomes have changes specifically in the regions where antibiotics latch on to and halt protein production. The study found this made the bacteria more resistant to the drugs. The subtle changes might be enough to alter the binding site of drug targets and constitute a possible new mechanism of antibiotic resistance.
El Club De Los FΓsicos MuertosPartially or completely blocking this second process: translation in #Ribosomes is called #Ribointerference and is caused by a group called interfering RNA.
One of these is #miRNA -micro RNA-
Eukaryotic cells possibly inherited this mechanism and in most cases it has been conserved.
This has to do with something that is possibly a principle of #Physics called conservation of information.
One of these is #miRNA -micro RNA-
Eukaryotic cells possibly inherited this mechanism and in most cases it has been conserved.
This has to do with something that is possibly a principle of #Physics called conservation of information.
