Amelia Cervera 🧬Plants repress ROS1 expression to attenuate heat-induced transposon burst.
#Transposons #Retrotransposons #ROS1 #RepressorOfSilencing1 #HeatStress #ONSEN #Arabidopsis #PlantScience
Spatiotemporal Tracking of Three Novel Transposable Element Invasions in Drosophila melanogaster over the Last 30 Years.
#Transposons #Retrotransposons #TEinvasion #HorizontalTransposonTransfer #HGT #Drosophila
A hexamer tandem repeat RNA embedded within an SVA retrotransposon drives R-loop formation and neurodegeneration.
#Transposons #Retrotransposons #SVA #XLinkedDystoniaParkinsonism #XDP #Neurodegeneration #Organoids #ShortTandemRepeats #Rloops #AntisenseNucleotides
https://www.cell.com/cell-reports/fulltext/S2211-1247(25)00583-2
preLightsBlurring the lines between retrotransposons & viruses!
sORF2 enables envelope-independent, direct cell-to-cell transmission of retrotransposons in Drosophila, challenging our understanding of mobile genetic elements.
#preLight from Ally Simpson & Alyss Humphrey #ImmunobiologyUA ! ⬇️ 👀
👉 https://prelights.biologists.com/highlights/direct-cell-to-cell-transmission-of-retrotransposons/
#genetics #immunobiology #drosophila #retrotransposons #TEs #viruses
Safeguarding spermatogenesis from retrotransposon insertions by forming ecDNA.
#Transposons #Retrotransposons #ExtrachromosomalCircularDNA #ecDNA #Spermatogenesis #Drosophila #Preprint
Safeguarding spermatogenesis from retrotransposon insertions by forming ecDNA
Retrotransposon mobilization in germline cells enables the rewriting of genetic information to drive genome innovation, species evolution, and adaptation through the generation of de novo mutations. However, uncontrolled mobilization can cause DNA breaks and genome instability, often leading to sterility. How germ cells balance retrotransposon-induced genome innovation with the need for genomic integrity remains poorly understood. Here, we used Drosophila spermatogenesis as a model to investigate retrotransposon mobilization dynamics. Although many retrotransposon families are transcriptionally active, we found that the LTR-retrotransposon nomad completes the full mobilization cascade—including mRNA export, protein translation, and reverse transcription—to produce double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) the most efficiently. Strikingly, despite successfully generating dsDNA, nomad rarely achieves genomic reintegration. Instead, its newly synthesized DNA predominantly forms extrachromosomal circular DNA (ecDNA). These findings suggest that ecDNA formation acts as a protective mechanism to sequester retrotransposon-derived DNA and prevent widespread genomic integration during spermatogenesis, thereby preserving genome stability while allowing limited retrotransposon activity.
Reactivation of retrotransposable elements is associated with environmental stress and ageing.
#Transposons #Retrotransposons #Ageing #EnvironmentalStress #Review
Reactivation of retrotransposable elements is associated with environmental stress and ageing - Nature Reviews Genetics
In this Review, Della Valle et al. discuss the role of retrotransposable elements (RTEs) in the onset and progression of ageing and ageing-related disease, including evidence that environmental stressors act through RTEs to shift the trajectory towards unhealthy ageing.
Structural and biochemical studies of mobile retrotransposon proteins in action.
#Transposons #Retrotransposons #non-LTR #LINE1 #R2
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959440X25000715
Reprogramming site-specific retrotransposon activity to new DNA sites.
Turnover of retroelements and satellite DNA drives centromere reorganization over short evolutionary timescales in Drosophila.
#Transposons #Retrotransposons #SatelliteDNA #Centromeres #Drosphila
https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.3002911
Turnover of retroelements and satellite DNA drives centromere reorganization over short evolutionary timescales in Drosophila
Centromeres reside in rapidly evolving, repeat-rich genomic regions, despite their essential function in chromosome segregation. This study of centromere evolution over short evolutionary timescales in Drosophila reveals dramatic centromere reorganization involving recurrent shifts between retroelements and satellite DNAs.
Protein-free catalysis of DNA hydrolysis and self-integration by a ribozyme.
#Group2Introns #Transposons #Retrotransposons #Ribozymes #ReverseSplicing #RNAworld