Russula densifolia
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Ecology: Mycorrhizal with hardwoods or conifers; growing alone, scattered, gregariously, or in dense troops; summer and fall (also over winter in warmer climates); widely distributed in North America.
Cap: 4-15 cm; broadly convex when young, later flat with a central depression, or shallowly vase-shaped; sticky at first or when wet; more or less smooth, or finely felty to the touch; initially white but soon discoloring to brownish, ashy gray, brown, or blackish; bruising slowly reddish, then blackish; the margin initially somewhat inrolled, not lined or lined faintly and widely; the cap skin peeling easily about halfway to the center.
Gills: Attached or running very slightly down the stem; narrow; close or crowded (sometimes nearly distant); white to cream, eventually yellowish; bruising slowly reddish, then blackish.
Stem: 1.5-9 cm long; 1-3.5 cm thick; white but soon darkening like the cap; bruising reddish, then blackish over the course of as much as half an hour; smooth or finely felty.
Flesh: White; hard; bruising promptly or slowly reddish on exposure, then blackish over the course of as much as half an hour.
Odor and Taste: Odor not distinctive; taste mild or slowly slightly to very acrid.
Chemical Reactions: KOH on cap surface negative. Iron salts on stem surface negative.
Spore Print: White.
Microscopic Features: Spores 7-11 x 6-8.5 ; elliptical to subglobose; with warts to .7 high; connectors usually forming partial or complete reticula. Pileipellis up to 500 thick; occasionally disposed as a single, cutis-like layer but more commonly two layered, with the lower level densely interwoven and cutis-like and the upper level composed of fairly erect elements embedded in a gelatinous matrix; pileocystidia absent.
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