"In the #MiddleAges and into the Early Modern period, #Jews and non-Jews continued to believe in the #supernatural and were afraid of the havoc it could play with their lives. As part of this belief, both groups recognized a range of #evilspirits. They also saw each other as a threat.
“In #Christian #folklore, Jews worked for the #devil and were bad guys. And in #Jewish folklore, #Jesus was a terrible guy. This was already the situation before #Christians established Jews, and Jews established Jesus, as the allegorical #demons [among others] on #ChristmasEve in the Early Modern era,” Chad said.
The #author explained that while the Jewish men and boys warded off Jesus on Christmas Eve by playing cards and games, the women and girls were preoccupied with using materials such as iron to keep #YoslPandrek (a derogatory term for Jesus) from polluting open books and dropping blood in the water."


