Apologetics: Flippin Fatwa Friday – Muhammad was the Gayest Guy in Arabia – Part 3: Miscellaneous Creepy Accounts.

From the last two posts on this, we know that Muhammad had a very strange relationship with the angel Gabriel – who just happened – to look like a dude Muhammad knew who was known for his beauty; and that Muhammad had a midnight rendezvous with not one, not two, but thirty men in the desert. This should be enough evidence that Muhammad was bi, but those weren’t the only accounts that point to him having strange homosexual tendencies. There are loads of accounts of him being creepy towards men and boys scattered throughout numerous authentic hadiths.

#1: Muhammad’s Questionable Stains

It is hard to deny that Muhammad was a nasty person. From telling his followers to drink camel urine to having other people lick his hands clean, he was gross. However, one of the most well-attested reports in the hadith is the report that Aisha – Muhammad’s child bride – had the disgusting job of washing semen off his clothes.

This report appears in numerous hadiths, most notably Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim, where several of the accounts are from Aisha herself. She even went in-depth on how she would get it off, saying that if it was still wet, she would wash it off with water, but if it was dry, she would rub, scratch, or pick it off the fabric.

Muslims claim that this hadith is educational, recording what to do if your clothes get stained with any sexual fluid, but the question has to be asked: Where was all this stuff coming from? To answer this, Muslim teachers say that it came from Muhammad sleeping with his wives or other normal causes. However, while this seems like a reasonable explanation at first glance, it doesn’t totally explain how much semen was on his clothes, since Aisha reported that even after washing his clothes, there was still stuff on it.

Though this isn’t totally damning evidence that Muhammad was gay, it does raise a lot of questions that point in that direction.

#2: Sucking on Boy’s Tongues

If you Google this, the main thing that will come up is a hadith about Muhammad allowing his grandkids to suck on his tongue because they were extremely thirsty and there was no water anywhere. Due to this, one would think that, while a strange way of dealing with things, it was at least somewhat justifiable. However, what calls even this into question is the fact that that’s not the only hadith about Muhammad sucking on boy’s tongues. In Mu’awiya Ibn Abu Sufyan 16245 it says:

I saw the prophet – pbuh – sucking on the tongue or the lips of Al-Hassan son of Ali, may the
prayers of Allah be upon him. For no tongue or lips that the prophet sucked on will be tormented (by hell fire).

Al-Hassan was Muhammad’s grandson. This isn’t just gay and pedophilic, it’s insanely creepy on the level of the Dali Lama telling a kid to suck his tongue a few years ago. And for the hadith to go on to say that anyone who sucked on his lips or tongue will be saved from Hell…it sounds like the type of thing someone would say to get some action in the name of salvation, like these creepy cult leaders who demand the women sleep with them to be saved.

That also not mentioning the hadith in which Muhammad puts his tongue in al-Hassan’s mouth for no reason, or the Syrian biography written by Al-Amin Al-Ma’moun that mentions that Muhammad had allowed a kid named Ali to suck on his tongue.

#3: Muhammad Allowed a Guy to Kiss His Chest

In Sunan Abi Dawud 5224, we get a very strange narration in which this happens:

AbdurRahman ibn AbuLayla, quoting Usayd ibn Hudayr, a man of the Ansar, said that while he was given to jesting and was talking to the people and making them laugh, the Prophet (ﷺ) poked him under the ribs with a stick. He said: Let me take retaliation. He said: Take retaliation. He said: You are wearing a shirt but I am not. The Prophet (ﷺ) then raised his shirt and the man embraced him and began to kiss his side. Then he said: This is what I wanted, Messenger of Allah!

I don’t think this is something any straight dude would ever allow.

#4: Muhammad Going to the Bathroom

According to Sahih Al-Bukhari, Volume 1, Book 4, Number 152, whenever Muhammad went to the bathroom, he would bring some young boys with him to carry the tumblers of water needed to wash himself. Why would he need to do this? Why did he need the boys to come with him when he could have done it himself? It’s all extremely creepy.

#5: Muhammad and Zahir

In Al Seera Al Halabya by Al Halabya, we read that Muhammad hugged a slave boy from behind:

One day, Muhammad went to the market, there he found Zahir, whom he liked, so he hugged him from behind. Zahir said: let go of me, who are you? Muhammad told him: I’m the slave trader (literally, I’m the one who buys the slaves), and refused to let go of him so when Zahir knew it was Muhammad, he drew (stuck) his back closer to Muhammad’s chest.

Muslims argue that this was all an innocent prank being played by Muhammad, but this seems like a weird thing for a guy to do. To the dudes reading, is this something that straight guys do to prank each other or to express affection? From my knowledge, this is the type of thing that no truly straight guy would ever do.

#6: Muhammad and Young Boys

According to Majma al-Zawa’id, Ali ibn Abu Bakr al-Haythami, 299/9, Muhammad kissed the genitals of a kid named Husein. Need I say more.

#7: The Boys of Paradise

There are numerous verses and passages in the Quran that speak of the various pleasures to be had in Paradise. Several of them pay special attention to the young boys that will work as servers in Paradise. Surahs 52:24, 56:17-18, and 76:19 describe them as “scattered” or “hidden” pearls that will never alter in age. Already, this description is odd, since why would the servers be little boys when they could be anything else entirely, but it gets worse. New York Times columnist Judith Miller writes:

About two weeks before his murder, he mocked what passed for intellectual discourse among Islamists by citing a recent sermon by Egypt’s most popular preacher, Abdel Hamid Kishk, a blind sheikh who constantly attacked both the government and its official religious establishment. Kishk had been telling his audience that Muslims who entered paradise would enjoy ETERNAL ERECTIONS and the company of young boys draped in earrings and necklaces. Some of the ulema, the religious scholars at al-Azhar, the government’s seat of Islamic learning had disagreed. Yes, they said, men in paradise would have erections, BUT MERELY PROTRACTED, NOT PERPETUAL. Other experts disputed the possibility of pederasty in paradise.

That also doesn’t mention Islam’s long history of raping little boys, as well as women and girls that continues to this day in various forms.

It is clear from all of this that Muhammad had homosexual tendencies and even made it something to long for in eternity. Such sexual immorality should make one wonder if Allah truly is God, or if he’s the devil in disguise.

Until next time,

M.J.

Tahun 622 Masehi, Nabi Muhammad SAW hijrah ke Madinah. Saat itu Bizantium, Persia, dan Dinasti Tang berkuasa. Bagaimana kondisi Nusantara? Simak ulasan lengkapnya.

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https://dalam.web.id/jejak-sejarah/hijrah-nabi-muhammad-madinah-dunia-nusantara

Bearers of the Throne

Also known as the hamlat al-arsh. Bearers of the Throne are a group of angels in Islam.

The Quran mentions them in Quran 40:7 & Quran 69:17. They’re mentioned in the al-Sahifa al-Sajjadyya, a book of prayers to Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin. Ali, also known as Zayn al-Abidin, was the great-grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad (PBUH). He was the 4th Imam in Shia Islam.

In Islamic tradition, the Hamalat al-Arsh are a group of angels whose sole task is to bear the Throne of God. The angels of the throne are the 1st angels God created. The number of these angels is 4. But on the Day of Resurrection, they’ll increase their numbers to 8.

They’re often portrayed in zoomorphic forms. Each of those different anthropomorphic angels has 4 faces of a human, bull, vulture, & lion. They are also described with 6 wings & 4 faces.

The bearers of the throne are shaped like a rooster, with their feet on the Earth & their nape supporting the Throne of God in the highest sky.

These 4 angels are also held to be created from 4 different elements: light, fire, water, & mercy. They’re so large that a journey from their earlobes to their shoulders would take 700 years.

The archangel Israfil is 1 of the bearers of the throne.

They’re comparable to the seraphim in the Book of Revelation.

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Apologetics: Flippin’ Fatwa Friday – Muhammad was the Gayest Guy in Arabia Part 2: Muhammad and the Men of Al-Zutt

If any of you lovely readers are at all familiar with David Wood or the polemics scene against Islam in general, you know about this story, as it provides the most damning evidence that Muhammad was bi.

To sum up this story, according to Jami at-Tirmidhi 2861, Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal 3778, and Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal 3688, Muhammad went to a valley in or near Mecca with his buddy, Abdullah ibn Masud. He then drew a line around Masud and sat him down in it, telling him not to cross the line and that some men would come and speak to him, but he was not to talk to them. Then Muhammad walked away.

Ibn Masud was probably very confused by this order, but his confusion was only going to become sheer disturbance and terror. Sometime after receiving the order to stay in the circle of safety, a bunch of naked dudes from the tribe of al-Zutt appeared and surrounded Masud for a bit before turning their attention to Muhammad and quote-unquote “riding” him. Some of them would approach Masud, which made him so scared that he sat down in the circle of safety. At the end of the night, Muhammad came back, saying he was in pain, and passed out in Masud’s lap.

Already, there is so much in this story that is disturbing, but other hadiths and Arabic customs make this even weirder. The six points to consider are:

From this, we can begin putting together the pieces of the puzzle that make this story so disturbing and ironic. These six details put together show us that this most likely wasn’t just a random homosexual encounter (though that may have added to it) but may have been a sort of remedy to some of Muhammad’s insecurities.

As mentioned in point #2, it was a common belief in the Arab world that in order for a young boy to grow up to be a strong man, he had to be inseminated. Thus, a sort of pederasty was common in Arabia as boys were raped by older men believing that it would make them more manly and virile later in life.

Combine that with points #5 and #6, and we can begin to understand a possible motivation for Muhammad’s encounter with the men of al-Zutt. It’s possible that he was insecure about himself, knew of the custom of inseminating boys to make them more virile in adulthood, and thought, “Why wouldn’t it work on an adult?” Thus, he sought out the al-Zutt, the most virile guys in the region, and, probably not wanting to be just like any other guy, decided to find as many as possible, hence why he had the strength of 30 men.

Ew. Just…ew.

The Muslim response to this, of course, is one that tries to adamantly deny that this ever happened. They say that this story is Islamophobic propaganda that misrepresents the actual text, which they claim to have been referring to the night of the Jinn, when Muhammad recited the Quran to a bunch of jinn. According to them, these jinn just happened to look like the men of al-Zutt.

As for why the text says that the jinn, men, or whatever they were were riding Muhammad, Muslims claim that it’s a mistranslation. While “yarkaboun” can mean “to ride,” they argue that it can also mean “to crowd around.” The latter translation, according to them, is the way it was intended to be read.

The issue with this is that regardless of if this was the night of the jinn or not, the argument that “yarkaboun” in this context means “to crowd around” runs into a few problems.

First, it can’t explain why they appeared naked. Maybe the jinn don’t have clothes but taken in conjunction with the fact that Muhammad reportedly came stumbling back to ibn Masud telling him that he was in pain, and it seems that the al-Zutt did a lot more than crowd around him. This alone makes the translation of “yarkaboun” that Muslims suggest unlikely, but it gets worse.

The second reason why this translation is unlikely is because of ibn Masud’s response to the al-Zutt when they started trying to get at him. It’s clear from the text that he was absolutely terrified of whatever was “riding” Muhammad. However, instead of fighting back, standing his ground, or running away, he sits down, an incredibly strange reaction for someone who is scared. From this, it’s safe to infer that by sitting down, he was probably trying to protect a certain part of himself after seeing what was going on with Muhammad.

The third and final reason why the al-Zutt were actually “riding” Muhammad and not just crowding around him is the fact that “yarkaboun” is apparently rarely used by Arabic speakers to mean anything but “to ride” or “to mount,” both in a sexual and non-sexual capacity. To suggest that it does mean “to crowd around” is quite a stretch.

Then there’s the suggestion that the al-Zutt story was fabricated and isn’t an authentic hadith. However, this runs into the problem that it’s not only attested two several times, but it doesn’t really make sense that someone would make up such a story about Muhammad. Historically speaking, both of those factors make it more likely that this actually happened.

Until next time,

M.J.

Belal Muhammad releases first statement after third straight loss at UFC Vegas 118

Belal Muhammad breaks silence following lopsided loss to Gabriel Bonfim in the main event of UFC Vegas 118.

https://www.mmafighting.com/ufc/492969/belal-muhammad-releases-first-statement-after-third-straight-loss-at-ufc-vegas-118

#TopNews #News #Muhammad #BelalMuhammad #UFCVegas118

Apologetics: Flippin’ Fatwa Friday – Muhammad was the Gayest Guy in Arabia Part 1: Dihyah al-Kalbi

It’s June and you know what that means – it’s Pride month. Thus, to take advantage of this month’s unwanted theme, we need to talk about something extremely embarrassing for Islam: the fact that there is significant evidence in the hadiths that Muhammad was not only bisexual, but was a cross-desser.

You read that right. According to the hadiths, the founder of the most antagonistic religion towards the LGBTQ+ community was LGBTQ+ himself. Thus, we’ll look at three of the most damning instances of this recorded in the hadiths over the course of the month, starting with the story of Dihyah al-Kalbi, (a.k.a Dihyah bin Khalifa), one of the strangest people in the hadiths.

Dihyah was a young man from Medina – about 30 years younger than Muhammad – who was known for his looks. Sahih al-Bukhari 3634 describes him as a “handsome person amongst the companions of the prophet” and it’s frequently commented upon in numerous hadiths (including the one quoted) that he looked like the angel Gabriel. For example:

Sahih al-Bukhari 4980:

I was informed that Gabriel came to the Prophet (ﷺ) while Um Salama was with him. Gabriel started talking (to the Prophet). Then the Prophet (ﷺ) asked Um Salama, “Who is this?” She replied, “He is Dihya (al-Kalbi).” When Gabriel had left, Um Salama said, “By Allah, I did not take him for anybody other than him (i.e. Dihya) till I heard the sermon of the Prophet (ﷺ) wherein he informed about the news of Gabriel.” The subnarrator asked Abu Uthman: From whom have you heard that? Abu Uthman said: From Usama bin Zaid.

 Sunan an-Nasa’i 4991:

“The Messenger of Allah [SAW] would sit among his Companions and if a stranger came, he would not know which of them was he (the Prophet [SAW]) until he asked. So we suggested to the Messenger of Allah [SAW] that we should make a dais for him so that any stranger would know him if he came to him. So we built for him a bench made of clay on which he used to sit. (One day) we were sitting and the Messenger of Allah [SAW] was sitting in his spot, when a man came along who was the most handsome and good-smelling of all people, and it was as if no dirt had ever touched his garments. He came near the edge of the rug and greeted him, saying: ‘Peace be upon you, O Muhammad!’ He returned the greeting, and he said: ‘Shall I come closer, O Muhammad?’ He came a little closer, and he kept telling him to come closer, until he put his hands on the knees of the Messenger of Allah [SAW]. He said: ‘O Muhammad, tell me, what is Islam?’ He said: ‘Islam means to worship Allah and not associate anything with Him; to establish Salah, to pay Zakah, to perform Hajj to the House, and to fast Ramadan.’ He said: ‘If I do that, will I have submitted (be a Muslim)?’ He said: ‘Yes.’ He said: ‘You have spoken the truth,’ we found it odd. He said: ‘O Muhammad, tell me, what is faith?’ He said: ‘To believe in Allah [SWT], His Angels, the Book, the Prophets, and to believe in the Divine Decree.’ He said: ‘If I do that, will I have believed?’ The Messenger of Allah [SAW] said: ‘Yes.’ He said: ‘You have spoken the truth.’ He said: ‘O Muhammad, tell me, what is Al-Ihsan?’ He said: ‘To worship Allah [SWT] as if you can see Him, for although you cannot see Him, He can see you.’ He said: ‘You have spoken the truth.’ He said: ‘O Muhammad, tell me about the Hour.’ He lowered his head and did not answer. Then he repeated the question, and he did not answer. Then he repeated the question (a third time) and he did not answer. Then he raised his head and said: ‘The one who is being asked does not know more than the one who is asking. But it has signs, by which it may be known. When you see the herdsmen competing in building tall buildings, when you see the barefoot and naked ruling the Earth, when you see a woman giving birth to her mistress. Five things which no one knows except Allah [SWT]. Verily, Allah, with Him (alone) is the knowledge of the Hour up to His saying: ‘Verily, Allah is All-Knower, All-Aware (of things).’ Then he said: ‘No, by the One who sent Muhammad with the truth, with guidance and glad tidings, I did not know him more than any man among you. That was Jibril, peace be upon you, who came down in the form of Dihyah Al-Kalbi.'”

 Ash-Shama’il Al-Muhammadiyah 13:

On the authority of Jabir ibn ‘Abdi’llah, that Allah’s Messenger said (Allah bless him and give him peace):

“The Prophets were presented to me, and there was Moses (peace be upon him), a specimen of the men of distinction, as if he were among the men of pure lineage and manly virtue [shanu’a]. I also saw Jesus the son of Mary (peace be upon him), and the nearest I have seen in resemblance to him is ‘Urwa ibn Mas’ud. I also saw Abraham (peace be upon him), and the nearest I have seen in resemblance to him is your Companion (meaning himself). I also saw Gabriel (peace be upon him), and the nearest I have seen in resemblance to him is Dihya.”

 This raises several questions. First of all, why would Gabriel be so vain as to appear in the form of the most handsome man in Arabia? Why not – as an angel – appear in a human form more beautiful than Dihyah if Gabriel was so intent on looking good?

Second, why appear as Dihyah at all when all it would do is just cause confusion? After all, in one account by Ibn Kathir, Gabriel passed by some people and when asked about it, they thought Dihyah had passed them. A similar account is also provided by Ibn Hisham. Wouldn’t it be easier if Gabriel appeared to people as a different dude?

Third, why would Gabriel appear to Muhammad as Dihyah? Why not appear to the prophet of Islam in his usual form? We know from Surah 53:5-18 and numerous hadiths about the revelation of this verse that Muhammad had seen Gabriel’s true form, so why didn’t Gabriel just go with that form?

Now, while the descriptions of Dihyah’s looks alone and the suspicious nature of Gabriel’s appearances as Dihyah don’t prove that Muhammad was bi, it does make this next hadith very suspicious. According to Sahih al-Bukhari 3227,  Sahih al-Bukhari 5960,  Sahih Muslim 2104a,  Sunan Abi Dawud 4157, Sahih Muslim 2105, Sunan Abi Dawud 4158, and other sahih (authentic) hadiths, Gabriel had promised to visit Muhammad at some point during the night. Muhammad waited, but Gabriel never showed up. Later, when Muhammad saw him again, Gabriel explained that he was prevented from coming into the house because there was a dog.

Already, this is very suspicious. Why would Gabriel be meeting Muhammad at night? And why would he be afraid of a dog when, if we’re to believe the Bible, angels aren’t afraid of animals at all?

Well, if we put together all the evidence that “Gabriel” was actually Dihyah al-Kalbi and take a closer look at this story, we can see that this likely wasn’t so much an angelic visit as a homosexual rendezvous. Why else would Dihyah, posing as Gabriel be coming to Muhammad’s house at night and be unable to enter because there was a dog? Likely, he was trying to be sneaky about it and didn’t want the dog barking, alerting everyone to his prescence.

Additional information that makes this story even more suspicious is that it was “Gabriel’s” tendency to visit Muhammad every night during Ramadan. Sahih al-Bukhari 3220 records:

Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) was the most generous of all the people, and he used to be more generous in the month of Ramadan when Gabriel used to meet him. Gabriel used to meet him every night in Ramadan to study the Holy Qur’an carefully together. Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) used to become more generous than the fast wind when he met Gabriel.

This event isn’t a standalone narration. Similar accounts are found throughout the hadiths, many of them sahih. I guess this was the original “study session,” if you catch my drift. The fact that this happened during Ramadan at night when the ban on fasting from food, drink, and intercourse was over makes this even more suspicious. It conveniently provided a religious cover for Muhammad and Dihyah while also allowing them to be together as everyone else was busy partying.

But trust me. This is only scratching the surface. We have yet to talk about Muhammad running around in Aisha’s mirt or the infamous night of al-Zutt.

Until next time,

M.J.

Archangel Gabriel

In Judaism, Christianity, & other Abrahamic religions, Gabriel (or even Cebrail (Djebrail) in some cultures) is an archangel with the power to announce God’s will to mankind as the messenger of God. He’s like the Abrahamic Apollo. He’s mentioned in the Hebrew Bible/Christian Old Testament, the New Testament, & the Quran.

In the Book of Daniel, Gabriel appears to the prophet Daniel to interpret his vision. Gabriel also shows up in the Jewish apocryphal 1st Book of Enoch & other Hebrew writings.

Along with the archangel Michael, Gabriel is described as the guardian angel of the Israelites, defending them against the angels of the other peoples. Many sects of Christianity revere Gabriel as a saint.

In the New Testament’s Gospel of Luke, Gabriel appears to Zachariah, predicting the birth of John the Baptist. Gabriel later appears to Mary, mother of Jesus, to announce that she would conceive & bear a son via a virgin birth.

Islam regards Gabriel as an archangel sent by Allah/God to different prophets, including Muhammad (PBUH). The first 5 verses of the Al-Alaq (96th chapter of the Quran) are believed by Muslims to have been the 1st verses of revelations given by Gabriel to Muhammad (PBUH).

The only book in the Hebrew Bible that explicitly mentions Gabriel is the Book of Daniel, & Gabriel appears to the prophet Daniel to explain his visions (Daniel 8:15-26, 9:21-27). In Daniel’s final vision, an unnamed angel appears to him & speaks of receiving help from the archangel Michael in battle against the Prince of Persia (not the video game) & also Michael’s role in times to come. This unnamed angel is thought to be Gabriel.

Though not named specifically, the “man clothed with linen” mentioned in the Book of Ezekiel chapters 9 & 10 is interpreted as Gabriel in Yoma 77a of the Babylonian Talmud.

There are many references to Gabriel in the Book of Enoch. According to this book, Michael, Uriel, Raphael, & Gabriel complain to God about the many wrongs perpetuated by Azazel & Samyaza. Especially the fact that they revealed “eternal secrets” & sins to mankind & defiled themselves with human women who later gave birth to giant offspring. Or, 1 of our fav subjects to circle back to, the Nephilim. (We will be doing the Nephilim in a future post. It’s currently being researched right now. Along with the Watchers, the Nephilim’s dads.)

As a result, God decides to destroy the Earth (which has been corrupted by those pesky fallen angels; these fallen angels were led by Azazel & Samyaza) & all of its inhabitants except for Noah. God sends Gabriel & the other archangels to go after the fallen angels & cast them into the darkness until the day of their judgment.

In Chapter 20, Gabriel is listed as 1 of 7 holy angels who watch. In Chapter 40, Gabriel is listed as 1 of 4 presences who stand on the 4 sides of God. These 4 archangels will be the ones to cast the fallen angels into the abyss of condemnation on Judgment Day.

According to Rabbinic Judaism, Gabriel (along with Michael, Uriel, & Raphael) is 1 of the 4 angels that stand at the 4 sides of God’s throne & serve as guardian angels of the 4 parts of the Earth. Michael stands on/at the right hand of God. While Gabriel (who ranks beneath Michael) stands at the left. Michael & Gabriel often work together. But Michael is mainly occupied in Heaven, while Gabriel (as the messenger of God) typically executes God’s will on earth.

Gabriel is also associated with the metal gold (the color of fire). Alongside Michael, Gabriel is described as the guardian angel of Israel, defending the Israelites against the angels of the other nations.

Gabriel is 1 of God’s archangels in Kabbalah literature. He’s pictured working in concert with Michael as part of God’s court. He’s identified with the sefira (or the Counting of the Omar. It’s a period of 49 days known as sefira(h).) of Yesod (this is a node in the kabbalistic Tree of Life.). Gabriel isn’t to be prayed to because only God can answer & sends Gabriel as his agent/messenger/courier.

According to Jewish mythology, in the Garden of Eden there’s a tree of life or the “tree of souls” that blossoms & produces new souls, which fall into the Guf, the Treasury of souls. This is located in the 7th Heaven. Gabriel reaches into the Treasury & takes out the 1st soul that comes into his hand.

Gabriel’s 1st appearance in the New Testament is found in the 1st part of Chapter 1 of Luke. This is where the annunciation of the birth of John the Baptist is. John’s dad, Zachariah, was childless because John’s mom, Elizabeth, was barren. An angel shows up to Zechariah to announce the birth of his son. When Zechariah questions the angel, the angel names himself as Gabriel (Luke 1:5-25).

Gabriel’s next appearance is in the 2nd part of Luke, chapter 1. This time, to announce the birth of Jesus to Mary (Luke 1:26-38). In the 1st part of the passage, the angel identifies itself as Gabriel; in the 2nd part of the passage, the angel doesn’t. It’s the author of Luke who calls this angel Gabriel.

Gabriel is more frequently referenced in early Christian pseudepigraphic texts (these are texts whose authorship isn’t by who it’s claimed to be or a real author attributed to some bigger name of the past) than in Amy of the canonical Biblical texts.

Gabriel is mentioned in some of the infancy Gospels, like the Nativity Gospel of Mary, Protevangelium of James, & First Gospel of the Infancy of Jesus Christ. Gabriel is also mentioned in some of the early Christian apocalyptic texts, like the Greek Apocalypse of Ezra & Second Book of Enoch.

In Gnosticism, angels are portrayed as belonging to a pantheon of spiritual beings involved in the creation of the world. According to 1 ancient Gnostic manuscript, the Holy Book of the Great Invisible Spirit. (Which we have posted!) Gabriel is a divine being & inhabitant of the pleroma (This refers to the total of divine powers.) that existed before the demiurge (This is an figure who is responsible for fashioning & maintaining the physical universe). There’s also a reference to Gabriel in Chapter 17 of the Gospel of Judas.

In the theology of the Mormon Church, Gabriel is believed to have lived a mortal life as the prophet Noah. The 2 are regarded as the same individual. Noah was his mortal name & Gabriel being his heavenly name.

Gabriel’s fast day was exclusively celebrated on March 18 between 1588 & 1921. The feast of St. Gabriel was included by Pope Benedict XV in the General Roman Calender in 1921 for celebration on March 24.

In 1969, the day was officially transferred to September 29 for celebration in combination with the feasts of Michael & Raphael. Today, the September 29 date (known as Michaelmas) has been adopted by the Catholic Church, Church of England, Lutheran faith, Anglican Communion, & Western Orthodox churches.

The Eastern Orthodox Church & those Eastern Catholic Churches that follow the Byzantine Rite (a.k.a. the Rite of Constantinople is a liturgical rite developed in the Eastern Christian church of Constantinople.) celebrated the Feast of the Archangels (or Synaxis of the Archangel Michael & the Other Bodiless Powers) on November 8.

For the churches that follow the Julian Calendar, November 9 currently falls on November 21 of the modern Gregorian Calendar (a 13-day difference).

The Eastern Orthodox commemorate Gabriel not only at the Feast of the Archangels, but also on 2 other days: March 26 the “Synaxis of the Archangel Gabriel” & celebrates his role in the Annunciation. July 13, a.k.a. the “Synaxis of the Archangel Gabriel.”

The Coptic Orthodox Church celebrates Gabriel’s feast of 13 Paoni, 22 Koiak, & 26 Paoni. The medieval Coptic work Investiture of the Archangel Gabriel, attributes the feast day of 22 Koiak to the day Gabriel was given the rank of archangel in Heaven.

The Ethiopian Church celebrates Gabriel’s feast of December 18 (in the Ethiopian calendar). A sizable number of its believers making a pilgrimage to a church dedicated to “St. Gabriel” in Kulubi & Wonkshet on that day.

Gabriel is in many places in the Quran. He’s revered as 1 of the primary archangels & as the Angel of Revelation in Islam. He’s primarily mentioned in the verses 2:97, 2:98, 66:4 of the Quran. However, the Quranic text doesn’t refer to him as an angel. In the Quran, the archangel Gabriel appears named in 2:97 & 66:4, as well as in 2:98, where he’s mentioned along with the archangel Michael.

Tafsir (this is like the Jewish Midrash) narrates that Muhammad saw the archangel Gabriel in his full angelic splendor only 2x. The 1st time was when he received his 1st revelation. Islamic tradition holds that Gabriel was sent to numerous pre-Islamic Biblical prophets with revelation & divine injunctions, including Adam, whom Muslims believe was consoled by Gabriel sometime after Fall, too. He’s known by many names in Islam, such as “keeper of holiness.” In Hadith traditions, Jibril is said to have 600 wings.

In Islam, the tree of souls is referred to as the Sidrat al-Muntaha. This is identified as a Ziziphus spina-christi. This is also known as Christ’s thorn jujube.

Muslims believe that Gabriel was tasked with transmitting the scriptures from God to the prophets & messengers as Asbab al-Nuzul or revelation. Asbab al-Nuzul is occasions or circumstances of revelation names the historical context in which Quranic verses were revealed from the perspective of traditional Islam. When Muhammad was questioned which angel is revealing the holy scriptures, he told the Jews they’re revealed by Gabriel.

Muslims also Revere Gabriel for several events that predate what they regard as the 1st revelation narrated in the Quran. Muslims believe that Gabriel was the angel who informed Zechariah of the Nativity of John the Baptist. As well as Mary about the future nativity of Jesus.

Gabriel was 1 of 3 angels who had earlier informed Abraham of the birth of Isaac. Gabriel also makes a famous appearance in the Hadith of Gabriel, in which he questions Muhammad on the core tenets of Islam.

Gabriel is also believed to have delivered punishment from God to the Sodomites by leveling the entire city of Sodom with the tip of his wing. According to a Hadith, Gabriel has the ability to regulate feelings or perception in humans. Particularly happiness or sadness.

Gabriel is believed to have helped Muhammad overcome adversaries significantly against an ifrit during the Night Journey. An ifrit is a powerful type of demon in Islamic culture. Gabriel is also believed to have helped Muhammad overcome his adversaries during the Battle of Badr.

The Yazidis worship 7 Archangels, including Gabriel (Jabra’il), Michael (Mikha’il), Raphael (Rapha’il), Dedra’il, Azra’il, Shamka’il, & Azazil. They’re emanations from God with which God entrusted the world. Yazidis associate Gabriel with Tawusi Melek (the “Peacock Angel”).

Mandaeans venerate Ptahil as the “4th Life.” Ptahil is an uthra (a divine messenger of the light), identified with Gabriel, who creates the poorly made material world with the help of Ruha, a sinful & fallen female ruler who inhabits the World of Darkness.

The creation of the material world occurs by God’s command. But is delegated to Ptahil (a subservient emanation or uthra) with the assistance of Gabriel & others.

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