Repressed but ready to go: How #bivalency holds developmental #genes in a poised state for #expression.
#histones #H3K27me3 #H3K4me3 #Nucleosome #KAT6B
https://phys.org/news/2025-02-repressed-ready-bivalency-developmental-genes.html
As well as being essential in the precise packaging of DNA into the space of the nucleus, histone proteins are also the site of modifications, chemical additions referred to as epigenetic marks, that control whether a gene is silenced or expressed.
🧬 Chemists discover new ways in which single-celled organisms organize their DNA
https://phys.org/news/2024-09-chemists-ways-celled-dna.html
#molbio #dna #prokaryotes #microbes #biology #bacteria #histones
It has only recently been discovered that single-celled organisms (bacteria and archaea) also have histones—proteins that structure DNA. Now, Leiden Ph.D. candidate Samuel Schwab has found that the histones in these organisms are much more diverse than previously thought.
🐙 These proteins have been secretly managing your cells
Inheritance of parental #histones safeguards fate of #mouse embryonic #stem_cells.
https://phys.org/news/2023-09-inheritance-parental-histones-safeguards-fate.html
Researchers led by Prof. Gan Haiyun from the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) have documented the parental histones inheritance safeguard mechanism, in which parental histone allocation contributes to establishing chromatin states during cell differentiation through altering embryonic stem cell differentiation potential.
Molecular #signals key to #malaria parasite's development, shows study.
https://phys.org/news/2023-06-molecular-key-malaria-parasite.html
A key developmental step in the life cycle of the most virulent species of malaria parasite depends in part on a series of molecular signals, detailed in a new study led by researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine. The findings may help scientists develop new ways to prevent malaria from spreading.
Detailed structure of understudied #cell division 'nanomachine' revealed.
#mitosis #SIN3B #chromosomes #histones
https://phys.org/news/2023-05-understudied-cell-division-nanomachine-revealed.html
Researchers have revealed, at high-resolution, the structure of a human protein complex named SIN3B, which is a 'nanomachine' involved in regulating cell division. Cell division is a fundamental process for life which, if it becomes uncontrolled, can lead to cancer.
How the #epigenetic landscape modulates pioneer #transcription factor binding.
#nucleosomes #Yamanaka #histones
https://phys.org/news/2023-05-epigenetic-landscape-modulates-transcription-factor.html
Like thread tightly wrapped around a spool, DNA is wrapped around histones and packaged into structures called nucleosomes. Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital are exploring how a type of transcription factor called a pioneer transcription factor accesses DNA even when it is tightly wound. Their work revealed how the epigenetic landscape influences transcription factor binding.
Amelia Cervera 🧬
CellBioNews
Paul Houle
Matt Willemsen
PLOS Biology