🌍 Can we predict atmospheric CO₂ growth?
Using 6 Earth System prediction systems with an interactive carbon cycle, we show:
• Useful predictions of atmospheric CO₂ growth and air-land CO₂ fluxes for up to 2 years
• Air–sea CO₂ fluxes are predictable for a longer time, up to 5 years
• Predictability partly linked to ENSO — but not exclusively
An important step toward early warnings for carbon cycle shifts and climate extremes.









