Today in Labor History March 8, 1908: Thousands of workers in the New York needle trades (mostly women) launched a strike for higher wages, shorter hours and an end to child labor. They chose this date in commemoration of the 1857 strike, women garment workers struck in New York City for a 10-hour workday, better working conditions, and equal rights for women. In 1910, German communist Clara Zetkin proposed to the Second International, that March 8 be celebrated as International Women’s Day to commemorate the 1908 strike. In 1911, over 1 million people participated in International Women’s Day events in Austria-Hungary, Denmark, Germany, and Switzerland. In Vienna, they carried banners honoring the martyrs of the Paris Commune. In 1917, Women’s Day protests and labor strikes in Petrograd helped spark the Russian Revolution. Because of its communist affiliations, and the anti-communist propaganda and persecution by the U.S. government, International Women’s Day was largely forgotten in the U.S., until feminist Laura X organized a protest in Berkeley, California on March 8, 1969. She also called for a Women’s History Month to be built around International Women’s Day. Later that year, she took the surname X to protest men’s legal ownership of women and the anonymity of women’s history.
In 1975, the United Nations recognized March 8 as International Women’s Day. In 1979, thousands of women protested in the streets of Tehran against the regime’s sexist laws, particularly the mandatory hijab. The six days of protest forced the government to temporarily withdraw the decree requiring veiling of women. But soon after this, the conservatives successfully eliminated what remained of the liberals and left, securing complete control of the government, and reintroduced the mandatory hijab, which remains to this day.
#workingclass #LaborHistory #internationalwomensday #strike #feminism #sexism #IWW #equalpay #equalrights #GenderEquality #iwd #socialism #communism #womenshistorymonth #childlabor #clarazetkin #iran #revolution
On this day in 1919, Congress passed the Child Labor Tax Law, forcing employers of child labor to pay a 10 percent tax. In 1922, Bailey v. Drexel Furniture Co., SCOTUS ruled that it was a penalty and not a tax, and it was therefore unconstitutional.
#LaborHistory #ChildLabor #OTDIH
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bailey_v._Drexel_Furniture_Co.
Today in Labor History February 24, 1919: U.S. Congress passed a new Child Labor law. However, in 1924, the courts declared it unconstitutional. A similar law passed in 1917. The Supreme Court ruled that one unconstitutional, too. It wasn’t until the 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act that modern child labor laws were enforced in the U.S. However, the law never banned child labor in agriculture. Consequently, 500,000 children pick roughly 25% of all the food harvested in the U.S. They often still work 10 or more hours a day. They are exposed to dangerous pesticides and die at a rate five times higher than kids in other industries. Barely half the kids working in agriculture ever finish high school.
#workingclass #LaborHistory #children #childlabor #childabuse #farmworkers #workplacedeath #workplaceinjury #school #education #SCOTUS
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