The family Agaricaceae is one of the most diverse and species-rich families within the phylum Basidiomycota with a variety of fruiting body morphologies (agaricoid, secotioid, and gasteroid), ecological roles (e.g., saprotrophs and ant mutualists), and products of economic value (e.g., as food and medicine). The latest classification based on morphology and molecular data recognized around 59 genera within this family. The classification of Agaricaceae has, however, changed through time and is still in continuous review. Here, we used a multilocus approach sequencing the markers ITS, LSU, RPB2, and TEF1 for most of the type species of genera traditionally included in the Agaricaceae using taxa from Tricholomataceae and Lyophyllaceae as outgroups. Based on our taxon-dense phylogenetic analyses, we propose Agaricaceae to be divided into tribes following and expanding on Singerโs (1986) classification: Agariceae, Coprineae, Cystolepioteae, Leucocoprineae, Lepioteae, Lycoperdeae, Macrolepioteae, and Tulostomateae. Furthermore, we conclude that the family Lycoperdaceae should be included within Agaricaceae and that Nidulariaceae should remain a separate family outside Agaricaceae. This is the first study of this family including agaricoid as well as secotioid and gasteroid species representatives, confirming their position within Agaricaceae. Our results further clarify the classification of this important mushroom family supporting previous morphological work as well as novel relationships. Nevertheless, the classification of various species within the genera Agaricus, Leucoagaricus, Leucocoprinus, Macrolepiota, and Morganella remain unresolved, and we suggest further studies may be needed with more data (genome-level phylogenies) as well as relevant species to resolve pending relationships within those particular genera.
Peeling puffballs (๐๐บ๐ค๐ฐ๐ฑ๐ฆ๐ณ๐ฅ๐ฐ๐ฏ ๐ฎ๐ข๐ณ๐จ๐ช๐ฏ๐ข๐ต๐ถ๐ฎ) from last week's hike:
Puffballs (๐๐บ๐ค๐ฐ๐ฑ๐ฆ๐ณ๐ฅ๐ฐ๐ฏ sp.) and two-colored boletes (๐๐ข๐ฐ๐ณ๐ข๐ฏ๐จ๐ช๐ข ๐ฃ๐ช๐ค๐ฐ๐ญ๐ฐ๐ณ), from July 2021:
Happy #FungiFriday!
#Fungus from #Arrakis: #NewSpecies named after #Dune's giant worms https://phys.org/news/2023-11-fungus-arrakis-species-dune-giant.html
Exploring diversity within the genus #Tulostoma (#Basidiomycota, #Agaricales) in the #Pannonian sandy steppe: four fascinating novel species https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/112458/
"These discoveries have been particularly significant due to Hungary's #steppe vegetation on sandy soil being identified as a hotspot for the stalked #puffballs in Europe."
Dandelion puffball releasing its parachutes
#art #artist #artgifts #artshop #artwork #ContempoaryArt #fediart #mastroart #mastadonart#fediartshop #artbooster #BuyIntoArt #FallForArt #AYearForArt #ArtistSunday #FediArtShop #SoutJerseyArtist #Photography #creativetoots #dandelion #puffballs #wildflowers #BloomScrollling
Starkey Hill Puffballs
Apioperdon pyriforme commonly known as the pear-shaped puffball or stump puffball, is a saprobic fungus present throughout much of the world.
Camera info/settings
- Canon 450D
- 90mm
- ISO 100
- f10
- 1/5s
- Off camera Speedlite 430EXII
#autumnvibes #nature #naturephotography #photography
#canon #natures_moods #macrophotography
#outside #ontario #madewithlightroom #explore #mushrooms
#fungus #fungi #mycology #fungifanatic
#puffballs #apioperdon_pyriforme
~meoralis~
arcturus
Laura Cochran
Pepijn Kooij
Willa has moved!! 
Lukas VFN ๐ช๐บ
Iris Richardson Fine Art ๐ฉ๐ช๐บ๐ธ๐ท
Devlon
StarFlowerStudioNY