Join our online course on Sex Chromosome Evolution (6–10 Oct) to gain hands-on experience in genomic and transcriptomic analyses.
https://www.physalia-courses.org/courses-workshops/sexchr/
#SexChromosomes #GenomeEvolution #Transcriptomics #ComparativeGenomics
Okuno et al. assemble male genomes for three spiny rat species, tracing Y chromosome loss and gene translocation. Authors show that segmental duplications and rearrangements enabled preservation of Y-linked genes on the X.
🔗 doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaf102
Men can lose their Y chromosome in some cells and it makes them more prone to illness?!?
Still new things to learn.
From new scientist 3 may 2025
Let me tell you 'bout the birds and the bees and the octopuses:
3-Feb-2025
#Octopuses have some of the oldest known #sexChromosomes
New research at the UO shows they’ve been using one that’s been around for 480 million years
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1072206 #science #evolution #chromosomes #genome #sexDetermination #cephalopods
University of Oregon researchers have identified a sex chromosome in the California two-spot octopus. This chromosome has likely been around for 480 million years, since before octopuses split apart from the nautilus on the evolutionary tree. That makes it one of the oldest known animal sex chromosomes. The finding also is evidence that octopuses and other cephalopods, a class of sea animals that includes squid and nautiluses, do use chromosomes to determine their sex, answering a longstanding mystery among biologists.
8-Jan-2025
A nearly gapless #genome sequence of the #echidna, an egg-laying mammal with multiple #sexChromosomes, helps researchers to track genomic reorganization events that gave rise to a highly unusual #sexDetermination system.
related to the system of the #platypus which was the cover story in my book "Der Kuss des Schnabeltiers" / "The birds, the bees, and the platypuses." 15 years later I can't remember how that worked but I loved the story.
The short-beaked echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus) is one of Australia’s most iconic animals. Belonging to a unique group of mammals called “monotremes” (with the platypus as the other prominent member), echidnas may at first glance be mistaken for a weird-looking hedgehog, but they are in fact egg-laying mammals. An international team of authors, led by Guojie Zhang and Qi Zhou at Centre for Evolutionary & Organismal Biology at Zhejiang University, Yang Zhou from BGI-research and Frank Grutzner from Adelaide University now present an almost gapless genome sequence of the short-beaked echidna. This work is part of the international Vertebrate Genome Project, and hosted in the VGP Genome Ark Database. The authors used the new data to better understand the evolutionary origin of the highly complex configuration of multiple sex chromosomes which is characteristic for monotremes. The work is published in the open science journal GigaScience.
30-JUL-2024
#Platypus and chicken reveal how chromosomes balance between the sexes
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1053015
#science #evolution #SexChromosomes #birds #SexDetermination #monotremes
Although sex chromosomes have evolved from autosomes, they often have unusual regulatory regimes that are sex- and cell-type-specific. This study takes advantage of the young sex chromosomes of Drosophila miranda to explore how former autosomes acquire sex chromosome-specific regulatory programs, revealing the consequences that these mechanisms have for the evolution of sex chromosome architecture.
11-JAN-2024
First prehistoric person with Turner syndrome (ie only X rather than XX or XY) identified from #ancientDNA
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1030707 #science #genetics #genome #SexChromosomes
<p>Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute, working with University of Oxford, University of York and Oxford Archaeology, have developed a new technique to measure the number of chromosomes in ancient genomes more precisely, using it to identify the first prehistoric person with mosaic Turner syndrome (characterised by one X chromosome instead of two [XX]), who lived about 2500 years ago.</p>
DeborahJRoss
The-14
Physalia-courses
Molecular Biology & Evolution
Lyndsay Barwell
michael
PLOS Biology