"Battle of Lights, Coney Island, Mardi Gras," Joseph Stella, 1913-14.
Stella (1877-1946), born in Italy, emigrated to the US to study medicine, returned to Europe for a while, but came back to the US in 1913 to give it a second chance. He'd been influenced by Modernist art during his European sojourn, and his returns to the US meant he found many subjects for his new style.
This is "Futurism," a Modernist style that emphasized dynamism, technology, youth, and movement. While this canvas appears to be a chaotic abstract, you start noticing the dots at the bottom that are the surging crowds, and the circles and swirls of color that represent the lights on the rides, as well as the angular forms suggesting a roller coaster and other structures. You can see circus tents, beams from spotlights, human figures, an orchestra, and snatches of words. It's an impressive evocation of night in an American amusement park of the era.
This painting is ranked as of the first, and probably the greatest, works of American Futurism. He later moved to a style called Precisionism, celebrating angular industrial forms, but later in life was not clearly associated with any school of art.
From the Yale University Gallery of Art, New Haven.

