Branicki Palace (gate), Białystok, Poland (part 1 of 2)
The first mentions of the palace date back to the 16th century - the design of the Gothic-Renaissance residence was attributed to Hiob Bretfus, who had other palace and castle projects to his credit. The palace acquired its final late Baroque appearance thanks to three architects: Tylman van Gameren, Jan Zygmunt Deybel, and Jakub Fontana. Although the name of the palace does not suggest it, it was built not only as a castle with a moat but also at the commission of the Wiesiołowski family.
The heir of the Wiesiołowski family, Krzysztof, died without heirs and had previously bequeathed the estate to the Republic of Poland. After the war, the castle was awarded to Stefan Czarniecki for his merits (along with Białystok). He, in turn, passed it on to his daughter, Katarzyna Aleksandra, who married Jan Klemens Branicki. Jan Klemens’s father commissioned Tylman van Gameren to remodel the castle. Thus, the Wiesiołowski Castle became the Branicki Palace.
The last reconstruction was carried out between 1750 and 1771 by the aforementioned Jakub Fontana. It was during this time that the palace gained its Rococo interiors, which can still be admired today; Fontana also brought sculptures by Jan Chryzostom Redler to the palace. The decor, full of stucco and paintings, harmonized with the Branickis’ interests - artistic activities flourished in the residence, where poets and writers gathered, and a theater, orchestra, and ballet company operated. The estate was visited by kings and rulers as well as envoys. In the 18th century, the first military school began operating near the palace.
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