Ruins of Pac’s Palace, Dowspuda, Poland

Ludwig Michał Pac (1778-1835), general, fought alongside Napoleon, distinguished himself in the 1812 campaign. After Napoleon’s defeat, he went to England, where he learned modern agriculture. He used his knowledge in the country, including on the Dowspuda estate. He took part in the November Uprising of 1830. After its fall, he emigrated, and his estate was confiscated.

The construction of the palace began in 1820. The design was prepared by the Italian architect Piotr Bosio. Count Pac, dissatisfied with the design, entrusted the execution of new plans to another Italian architect - Henryk Marconi. It is not known what part of the design of the completed palace was the work of Bosio and what part was Marconi.

In 1823, the construction was completed. Work on the interiors was underway. A landscape park was established around the palace according to the design of the English gardener John Heiton.

For Pac’s participation in the November Uprising in 1830, the Russian government confiscated the Dowspuda estate. By a decree of 16 March 1836, the tsar granted it to General Sulima. The palace began to be systematically devastated. The lessee of the estate, Stefan Horoczko, led to its destruction within a few years. The end of the building came when its last lessee decided to sell the ruins as building material for barracks in Suwałki.

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The Old Town Hall, Olsztyn, Poland

It stands in the center of the Old Town Market Square and originally served as the seat of the city authorities. The oldest part of the building, the southern wing, dates back to around 1500 and was likely built on the site of an earlier structure from the late 14th century, following Olsztyn receiving city rights. The building was destroyed by fire in 1620 but was quickly rebuilt in 1623-24, during which it was enlarged and a turret was added, giving it a more Baroque style. The basement and ground floor were converted into a market hall.

In 1825, the building became a courthouse, and due to expanding judicial needs, the city council had to leave the town hall in 1829. The council returned in 1880 but stayed only until 1915 when it moved to a new town hall. The Old Town Hall then housed the School of Commerce and the Municipal Public Library. During the Nazi era, the building was occupied by the Hitlerjugend.

After the Red Army took control of the city in 1945, the Old Town Hall was burned down. It was rebuilt between 1946 and 1949 but without the turret and some key architectural features. These were restored only during a major renovation from 1996 to 2003, restoring the Gothic look of the southern wing. Today, the building is a three-winged structure with a courtyard enclosed by an arcade with a glass roof. All wings are two stories high, with the southern and northern wings also having usable attics. Notable features include sundials on the southern elevation, which attract many tourists. Currently, the entire building functions as the Voivodeship Public Library.

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The Green Gate, Gdansk, Poland

It was built in the years 1564-1568 on the site of the older - mentioned in 1357 - the Kogi Gate. The authorship of the design is attributed to both the Dutch builder Master Regnier and Hans Kramer, who came from Dresden. Around 1573, a wing was added to the western elevation. The ground floor of the gate housed the city scales, while the wing housed the day and night city guards.

It was supposed to be a royal residence, but despite its beautiful interiors, no king ever lived there. As a consolation, the future wife of the king - Władysław IV - Maria Ludwika Gonzaga stopped here while passing through.

The gate was rebuilt - for the first time in the 19th century, when a third floor was added and the roof was redesigned. 50 years later, a fourth gate was built. After World War II, part of the building collapsed in a fire. The Green Gate was rebuilt in the 1950s, but it was not until 2002 that the interior was opened to visitors for the first time after the war.

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The Upside-down House, Szymbark, Poland

A visit to the house provides an extraordinary experience. This building is meant to be an allegory of the modern world, in which tradition and value systems have been turned upside down.

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The Town Hall in Gniew, Poland

Located in the central part of the market square, was built at the turn of the 14th and 15th centuries. It was originally a quadrangular structure with an internal courtyard, a tower and stalls on the ground floor. The building was seriously damaged during the Swedish wars in the 17th century. A major renovation of the town hall for 6,150 thalers was carried out in 1853 by master mason Erich Obuch from Gniew. A stylish arcade was built in front of the northern elevation and the town hall was decorated with a balcony.

In 1818, the eastern wing was demolished, and in its place in 1823, an Evangelical church was built. The southern wing and the tower were demolished in 1836, and in their place, residential houses were built, which originate from the times when stalls with goods for sale were placed around it. Today, its oldest parts include the basement and the ground floor.

In January 1920, the residents built a field altar in front of the town hall, on which on January 27, parish priest Ignacy Rosentreter celebrated a holy mass for soldiers from the Pomeranian Front of General Józef Haller, who annexed Gniew to Poland after 148 years of partition.

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