📕 O livro "Memórias Dissidentes. Repressão e resistências quotidianas de homossexuais e lésbicas nas ditaduras ibéricas" é o resultado da investigação de doutoramento de Raquel Afonso, cuja investigação foi desenvolvida no IHC.
#Histodons #Anthropodons #SocialHistory #QueerHistory #LGBTQIA #Dictatorships #IberianPeninsula #Portugal #Spain #España #HistóriaSocial #Ditaduras #Antropologia #MastoLivros
𝗪𝗜𝗞𝗜𝗣𝗘𝗗𝗜𝗔 𝗣𝗜𝗖𝗧𝗨𝗥𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗗𝗔𝗬
✧ Thekla's lark ✧
Thekla's lark (Galerida theklae) is a species of bird in the lark family, Alaudidae. It was named by German zoologist Alfred Brehm in 1857 for his recently deceased sister, Thekla Brehm. It is non-migratory and breeds on the Iberian Peninsula and in northern and sub-Saharan Africa, from Senegal to Somalia. Its preferred habitat i...
#Alaudidae #IberianPeninsula #Africa #Somalia #Senegal #Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thekla%27s_lark
Sabbatean Movement
Also known as the Sabbateans or Sabbatians. This is a group of followers, disciples, & believers in Sabbatai Zevi (1626-1676). He was proclaimed to be THE Jewish Messiah in 1666 (Because of course that’s the year!) by Nathan of Gaza. Zevi was active in the Ottoman Empire. Many Jews (in the Jewish diaspora) accepted his claims. Even though he outwardly became an apostate due to his forced conversion to Islam in 1666.
Sabbatai Zevi was born in Smyrna (modern-day Izmir, Turkey). From a young age, he was a brilliant student of the Tulmud & the Kabbalah.
He exhibited what would today be diagnosed as bi-polar disorder. He had periods of deep “estrangement” (depression) followed by “illumination” (mania). During his manic phases, Sabbatai would commit “strange acts” (ma’asim zarim), like pronouncing the forbidden Tetragrammaton (THE name of God) or deliberately breaking Jewish dietary laws.
He was a Sephardic ordained rabbi. Sephardic (Jews) are a Jewish population associated with communities of the Iberian Peninsula. He was a kabbalist of Romaniote origin. Romaniotes are a Greek-speaking ethnic Jewish community. His followers became known as Donmeh “converts” or crypto-Jews. The Donmeh are a group of Sabbatean crypto-Jews but practiced their Jewish (& Kabbalistic) beliefs in secret.
In 1665, Zevi sought out Nathan of Gaza for spiritual healing. But Nathan flipped the script on our boy, Sabbatai. Nathan declared Sabbatai was actually THE Messiah. Nathan then becomes the de facto PR/agent for Mr. Zevi & his meager movement.
He wrote letters to Jewish communities across Europe, North Africa, & the Middle East. These letters claimed that the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire would soon be disposed of. Then Sabbatai would then lead the Jews back to, take a wild guess to where, Jerusalem.
In February 1666, when getting to Constantinople, Sabbatai was imprisoned on the order of the Grand Vizier Kopruluzade Fazil Ahmed Pasha. In September 1666, after being moved from different prisons around the capital to Adrianople (the imperial court’s seat) for judgment on accusations of sedition. (This is the same charge that Jesus was charged with.)
Sabbatai was given by the Grand Vizier, in the name of the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, Mehmed IV. So Sabbatai was given a choice: the death penalty (by facing some kind of ordeal), or convert to Islam. Sabbatai chose conversion by putting on a turban from then on.
He was rewarded by the heads of the Ottoman state with a generous pension for his compliance with their political, & religious, plans.
Nathan argued that the Messiah had to descend into the heart of the “Other Side” (Islam) to liberate the final sparks of holiness from within. This led to the idea of faith through transgression. The idea that in the messianic age, the only way to fulfill the law was to break it.
Sabbatai’s conversion to Islam was extremely dishearting for the world’s Jewish communities. In spite of Sabbatai’s apostasy, many of his adherents still tenaciously clung to him, claiming that his conversion was a part of the Messianic scheme.
Many in Sabbatai’s inner circle followed him into Islam, including his wife, Sarah & most of his closest relatives & friends. Nathan of Gaza, the closest to Sabbatai, never followed his “master” into Islam. Nathan remained a Jew, albeit excommunicated by his fellow Jews.
Inside the Ottoman Empire, those followers of Sabbatai who had converted to Islam. But secretly continued Jewish observances & Brit milah became known as the Donmeh (Turkish: donme “convert”). They remained a distinct social group well into the 20th century.
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#1665 #1666 #20thCentury #Adrianople #Apostasy #Constantinople #CryptoJews #Donmeh #Europe #February1666 #GrandVizier #GrandVizierKopruluzadeFazilAhmedPasha #Greek #IberianPeninsula #Islam #Izmir #Jerusalem #Jesus #JewishDiaspora #JewishMessiah #Judaism #Kabbalah #Kabbalist #Kabbalistic #MaAsimZarim #Messiah #MessianicAge #MiddleEast #NathanOfGaza #NorthAfrica #OtherSide #OttomanEmpire #Romaniote #SabbataiZevi #SabbateanMovement #Sabbateans #Sabbatians #Sedition #SephardicJews #September1666 #Smyrna #SultanMehmedIV #SultanOfTheOttomanEmpire #Tetragrammaton #Tulmud #Turkey
𝗪𝗜𝗞𝗜𝗣𝗘𝗗𝗜𝗔 𝗣𝗜𝗖𝗧𝗨𝗥𝗘 𝗢𝗙 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗗𝗔𝗬
✧ Iberian lynx ✧
The Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) is one of the four extant species of lynx, wild cats in the family Felidae. The Iberian lynx is endemic to the Iberian Peninsula, in which it was once widespread, but it is now restricted to a small number of regions in Spain and Portugal, and is listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. Fossils sugges...
#IUCNRedList #IberianPeninsula #lynx #Felidae #Spain #Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iberian_lynx
Asier Madarieta, a researcher in the EHU's HGI (Water Environmental Processes) group, has analyzed how the Earth's crust is being compressed and deformed in the field where Eurasia and Africa meet in the Western Mediterranean. His work contributes towards understanding this complex contact field better as well as opening the door to identifying the faults and structures that could lead to earthquakes or deformations on the peninsula.
Iberian peninsula is rotating clockwise
https://phys.org/news/2025-12-iberian-peninsula-rotating-clockwise-geodynamic.html
#HackerNews #IberianPeninsula #Rotation #Geodynamics #EarthScience #NewsScience #PortugalSpain
Asier Madarieta, a researcher in the EHU's HGI (Water Environmental Processes) group, has analyzed how the Earth's crust is being compressed and deformed in the field where Eurasia and Africa meet in the Western Mediterranean. His work contributes towards understanding this complex contact field better as well as opening the door to identifying the faults and structures that could lead to earthquakes or deformations on the peninsula.
Hype for the Future 49B: Artifacts of Portuguese Culture
Portuguese culture in the modern European sense covers the modern-day mainland of Portugal, as well as the associated islands and related regions, particularly Madeira and the Azores Islands. Also of note from a Portuguese context is the orthography, which often prefers “m” at the end of words and famously seems to nasalize almost everything, particularly with the suffix “-ão” common to the language. Also a common feature of the Portuguese language is the letter “ç,” as Portugal […]Tuatha De Danann
This “name” is usually translated as “folk of the goddess Danu.” They are also known by the earlier name: Tuath De (“tribe of the gods” or “divine tribe”). They’re a supernatural race in Irish mythology. Many of them are thought to represent deities of pre-Christian Gaelic Ireland.
The Tuatha De Danann are often pictured as kings, queens, druids, bards, warriors, heroes, healers, & craftsmen who have supernatural powers. They live in the Otherworld but interact with humans & the human world. They’re associated with sidhe.
Their traditional rivals are the Fomorians (Fomoire), who might represent the destructive powers of nature, & whom the Tuatha De Danann defeated in the Battle of Mag Tuired.
Prominent members include the Dagda (“the great god”), The Morrigan (“the great queen” or “phantom queen”), Lugh, Nuada, Aengus, Brigid, Manannan, Dian Cecht the healer, & Goibniu the smith, 1 of the Tri De Dana (“three gods of craft”).
They’re immune to ageing & sickness, & who have magic powers. The powers most often attributed to them are control over the weather & the elements, & the ability to shape shift themselves & other things.
They’re also said to control the fertility of the land. The tale De Gabail in t-Sida says the 1st Gaels had to establish friendship with the Tuatha De Danann before they could raise crops & herds.
They live in the Otherworld, which is described as either a parallel world or a heavenly land beyond the sea or under the earth’s surface. Many of them are associated with specific places in the landscape, especially the sidh mounds.
These are the ancient burial mounds & passage tombs which are entrances to Otherworld realms. The Tuatha De Danann can hide themselves with a feth fiada (“magic mist”) & appear to humans only when they wish to.
In euhemerized accounts, the Tuatha De Danann were descended from Nemed, leader of a previous wave of inhabitants of Ireland. In non-euhemerized accounts, they’re descended from Danu/Anu, a mother goddess. They came from 4 cities to the north of Ireland (Falias, Gorias, Murias, & Finias), where architecture, the arts, & magic.
According to Lebor Gabala Erenn, they came to Ireland “in dark clouds” & “landed on the mountains of the Conmaicne Rein in Connachta.” Otherwise Sliabh an Iarainn, “and they brought a darkness over the sun for 3 days & 3 nights.”
Sliabh an Iarainn (anglicized Slieve Anierin) is a mountain in County Leitrim, Ireland. It’s part of the Cuilcagh Mountains.
They immediately burnt the ships “so that they should not of retreating to them, & the smoke & the mist that came from the vessels filled the neighbouring land & air. Therefore it was conceived that they had arrived in clouds of mist.”
Led by King Nuada, they fought the First Battle of Magh Tuireadh on the west coast, in which they defeated & displaced the native Fir Bolg, who then inhabited Ireland. In the battle, Nuada lost an arm to their champion, Sreng.
Since Nuada was no longer “unblemished,” he couldn’t continue as king & was replaced by the half-Fomorian Bres, who turned out to be a tyrant.
The doctor Dian Cecht replaced Nuada’s arm with a working silver 1. (Think Bucky from Captain America.) He was reinstated as king. Back in those days, if a king wasn’t physically whole, then he wasn’t fit to be king.
However, Dian Cecht’s son, Miach, was dissatisfied with the replacement. So he recited the spell, “adult fri halt do and feith fri feth” (joint to joint of it & sinew to sinew), which caused flesh to grow over the silver over the course of 9 days & nights.
In a fit of jealous rage, Dian Cecht killed his own son. Because of Nuada’s restoration as king, Bres whined to his family & dad, Elatha, who sent him to look for help from King Balor of the Fomorians.
The Tuatha De Danann fought the Second Battle of Magh Tuireadh against the Fomorians. King Nuada was killed by King Balor’s poisonous eye. But KIng Balor was killed by Lugh (who was the champion of the Tuatha De Danann), who then took over as king.
A 3rd battle was fought against a wave of invaders, the Milesians, from the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula (present-day Galicia & Northern Portugal). These were descendants of Mil Espaine (who are thought to represent the Goidelic Celts).
The Milesians encountered 3 Tuatha De Danann goddesses, Eriu, Banba, & Fodla, who asked that the island be named after them. Eriu is the origin of the modern name Eire (which is the Irish language name for Ireland), & Banba & Fodla are still sometimes used as poetic names for Ireland.
Their 2 husbands (Mac Cuill, Mac Cecht, & Mac Greine) were kings of the Tuatha De Danann and created a magical storm in an attempt to drive them away. The Milesian poet calmed the sea with his verse, then his people landed & defeated the Tuatha De Danann at Tailtiu.
When Amergin was called upon to divide the land between the Tuatha De Danann & his own people, he cleverly allotted the portion above ground to the Milesians & the portion underground to the Tuatha De Danann.
The Tuatha De Danann were led underground into the Sidhe mounds by Manannan mac Lir & Tir na nOg onto a flowery plain/plain of honey attested to in the Voyage of Bran.
The Tuatha De Danann brought 4 magical treasure with them to Ireland, 1 a piece from their 4 cities: Dagda’s Cauldron, The Spear of Lugh, Lia Fail (The Stone of Fal), & Claiomh Solais (The Sword of Light).
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#aengus #amergin #anu #banba #battleOfMagTuired #bres #brigid #captainAmerica #celts #christian #claiomhSolais #conmaicneRein #connachta #countyLeitrim #cuilcaghMountains #dagda #dagdasCauldron #danu #deGabailInTSida #dianCecht #elatha #eriu #fethFiada #finais #firBolg #firstBattleOfMaghTuireadh #fodla #fomoire #fomorians #gaelic #gaels #galicia #goibniu #goidelic #gorias #iberianPeninsula #ireland #irish #irishMythology #kingBalor #kingNuada #leborGabalaErenn #liaFail #lugh #macCecht #macCuill #macGreine #manannan #manannanMacLir #miach #milEspaine #milesians #nemed #northernPortugal #otherworld #sidh #sidhe #sliabhAnIarainn #slieveAnierin #sreng #tailtiu #theMorrigan #theSpearOfLugh #theStoneOfFal #theSwordOfLight #tirNaNog #triDeDana #tuathDe #tuathaDeDanann2 #voyageOfBran
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