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Grace Hopper (1906–1992) foi pioneira da computação. Matemática e oficial da Marinha dos EUA, participou da criação do primeiro compilador e contribuiu para a linguagem COBOL, usada em sistemas empresariais. Seu trabalho abriu caminhos para gerações de profissionais da tecnologia.
#GraceHopper #MulheresNaComputacao #WomenInComputing #HistoriaDaComputacao #Tecnologia #DivulgacaoCientifica #EADUNIG #eadunig #cienciadacomputacao #analise #gti
Yep, and computers only process letters by mapping them to numbers.
There was a time when it was thought that computers' ability to process letters was so limited that there was no way letters could be used to program them.
Nobody told that to #GraceHopper, though, who wrote the first #compiler.
“I had a running compiler and nobody would touch it. ... they carefully told me, computers could only do arithmetic; they could not do programs.”
It is much easier to apologize than to get permission.
-- Grace Hopper (commenting on surviving in a bureaucracy)
⬆ #Wisdom #Quotes #GraceHopper #Action #Bureaucracy #Permission
You manage things, you lead people.
-- Grace Hopper
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In 1952, Grace Hopper had an idea that every expert knew was stupid. She wanted to write code in English words. Then have the computer translate it into machine language automatically. Her colleagues were emphatic: computers do arithmetic. They don’t understand words. This cannot work. Grace built it anyway. She called it a compiler. You’d write something approaching human language, and it would convert into the ones and zeros the machine actually needed. When she showed it to the programming community, they didn’t celebrate. They rejected it. “Computers can’t write programs,” they said. “It’s not possible.” She would later recall: “I had a running compiler, and nobody would touch it. They told me computers could only do arithmetic.” The resistance wasn’t technical. It was psychological. Programmers in the 1950s were an elite priesthood. They wrote in machine code—cryptic strings that took years to master. This difficulty made them indispensable. Made them special. Grace was proposing to let ordinary people program computers. The priesthood wasn’t threatened by impossibility. They were threatened by accessibility. In 1959, she helped create COBOL. The establishment sneered. This wasn’t “real” programming. It was for business people who couldn’t handle proper code. Grace didn’t care. COBOL solved problems that needed solving. Here’s the part nobody expected: COBOL outlived almost everything. Those elegant languages the purists loved? Mostly gone. In 2020, when pandemic unemployment systems crashed, governors went on television begging for COBOL programmers. The systems were still running code written in the 1970s. Grace retired from the Navy at 79 as a Rear Admiral—the oldest serving officer at the time. She died in 1992. In 2016, she was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Technology exists to serve humans—not to make humans serve technology. | 83 comments on LinkedIn
The most damaging phrase in the language is: "It's always been done that way."
-- Grace Hopper
[Перевод] Сборка высокопроизводительного AI-десктопа
Запуск крупных языковых моделей локально всегда был игрой в компромиссы. Вы либо тратите более $10 000 на GPU потребительского уровня, которые едва справляются с моделями на 70 миллиардов параметров, либо мечтаете о корпоративном оборудовании, которое вам никогда не по карману. Платформа Grace-Hopper — архитектура суперчипов Nvidia, объединяющая CPU и GPU на одном кристалле, — представляет собой именно ту инфраструктуру для ИИ, о которой мечтает сообщество LocalLlama, причём системы обычно стоят более $100 000 и доступны исключительно дата-центрам и исследовательским учреждениям. Поэтому, когда я наткнулся на систему Grace-Hopper, продаваемую за 10 тысяч евро на Reddit, моей первой мыслью было «откровенный развод». Второй мыслью было «интересно, а согласится ли он на 7,5 тысячи евро?». Это история о том, как я приобрёл корпоративное ИИ-оборудование, разработанное для жидкостного охлаждения в серверных стойках, которое было переделано на воздушное охлаждение, затем я снова перевёл его на водяное охлаждение, пережил несколько "почти катастроф" (включая работу с GPU, сообщающим, что у него температура в 16 миллионов градусов) и в итоге получил настольную систему, способную запускать модели с 235 миллиардами параметров дома. Это повествование о сомнительных решениях, творческом решении проблем и о том, что происходит, когда вы пытаетесь превратить серверное оборудование в повседневную рабочую станцию. Если вам когда-либо было интересно, что требуется для запуска действительно крупных моделей локально, или если вы просто пришли посмотреть, как кто-то разбирает оборудование стоимостью $80 000, вооружившись лишь надеждой и изопропиловым спиртом, вы попали по адресу.
https://habr.com/ru/articles/976438/
#dyi #GraceHopper #Nvidia_GraceHopper_Superchip #Nvidia_Grace_CPU #Nvidia_Hopper_H100_Tensor_Core_GPU #шаловливые_ручки
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