Jon Awbrey
Thomas@janhoglund Anything that requires a reasoning subject (e.g., synthetic reasoning, any target oriented usage of analogies) is out of scope for #formalization (i.e., a #mechanism - no new #knowledge without the re-appraisal of believes in the light of new evidence (i.e, #abduction or #retroduction. Without "sociology of knowledge" the very idea of "objectivity of knowledge", in the Popperian sense, doesn't work (e.g., #Haack S. "Epistemology with a knowing subject." 1979). #philosophy #ai
Dr Julia Molinari PhD SFHEAWhat must academic writing be like for AI to imitate it?
#AcWri
#ArtificialIntelligence
#chatGPT
#ResearchWriting
#HigherEducation #CriticalRealism
#Retroduction
#Abduction
Inquiry Into InquiryFunctional Logic • Inquiry and Analogy • 5
Inquiry and Analogy • Aristotle’s “Paradigm” • Reasoning by Analogy
Aristotle examines the subject of analogical inference or “reasoning by example” under the heading of the Greek word παραδειγμα, from which comes the English word paradigm. In its original sense the word suggests a kind of “side‑show”, or a parallel comparison of cases.
We have an Example (παραδειγμα, or analogy) when the major extreme is shown to be applicable to the middle term by means of a term similar to the third. It must be known both that the middle applies to the third term and that the first applies to the term similar to the third.
E.g., let A be “bad”, B “to make war on neighbors”, C “Athens against Thebes”, and D “Thebes against Phocis”. Then if we require to prove that war against Thebes is bad, we must be satisfied that war against neighbors is bad. Evidence of this can be drawn from similar examples, e.g., that war by Thebes against Phocis is bad. Then since war against neighbors is bad, and war against Thebes is against neighbors, it is evident that war against Thebes is bad.
Aristotle, “Prior Analytics” 2.24, Hugh Tredennick (trans.)
Figure 6 shows the logical relationships involved in Aristotle’s example of analogy.
Resources
- Logic Syllabus
- Boolean Function
- Boolean-Valued Function
- Logical Conjunction
- Minimal Negation Operator
- Functional Logic • Part 1 • Part 2 • Part 3
- Cactus Language • Part 1 • Part 2 • Part 3 • References • Document History
cc: FB | Peirce Matters • Laws of Form • Mathstodon • Ontolog • Academia.edu
cc: Conceptual Graphs • Cybernetics • Structural Modeling • Systems Science
#Abduction #Analogy #Argument #Aristotle #CSPeirce #Constraint #Deduction #Determination #DiagrammaticReasoning #Diagrams #DifferentialLogic #FunctionalLogic #Hypothesis #Indication #Induction #Inference #Information #Inquiry #Logic #LogicOfScience #Mathematics #PragmaticSemioticInformation #ProbableReasoning #PropositionalCalculus #Propositions #Reasoning #Retroduction #Semiotics #SignRelations #Syllogism #TriadicRelations #Visualization
@janhoglund at least a generation of philosophers separates #Whitehead from #Goethe, and the latter from #Newton. The debate actually spans millennia - compare #idea and #process. It's a dynamic system that can be partially described with #effort and #flow #bondgraph. Related concepts are #cspeirce #retroduction a #kuhn reading of #processandreality
It took me some time to understand that for many problems #deduction is at least as problematic as #induction. Admitting that one can't be so sure and the willingness to go back and correct the error is the only way out. #retroduction
Phairnix#retroduction
Well, I have been mostly lurking around for a while and I did not bother to make an introductory #toot to start with.
The reason is that I did not know what I would like to toot about, since my observations about mainstream social media made me think that I am definitely not interested in the sometimes quite toxic communicative dynamics experienced therein. Now, is Mastodon different? Well, at least it respects privacy, so I might share narcissistically some details of my rather insignificant existence without giving away valuable data to greedy multinational corporations. Also, I might start flooding the timeline with the information I deem necessary to avert the society from the dooming civilisatory collapse. Generally, I could propagate scientific skepticism.
As for input, a funny meme can make me smile and a witty comment might elevate my mind a bit, but ultimately I ask myself whether such virtual life is worth the effort. As such, I question the sociability of it all. I prefer real life and real contacts. It is probable that I will never travel to the country of your residence in my life and we will never meet and share meaningful experiences.
As far as I know, none of my real life contacts uses Mastodon. Consequently, is there any good reason to be here, apart from the altruistic resoluteness to contribute to social change?