Valid, But Meaningless? - Simon Blackburn and Alex O Connor

#premise #premises #validity #syllogism

A quotation from Bierce, Ambrose:

«
LOGIC, n. The art of thinking and reasoning in strict accordance with the limitations and incapacities of the human misunderstanding. The basis of logic is the syllogism, consisting of a major and a minor premise and a conclusion — thus:
Major Premise: Sixty men can do a piece of work sixty times as quickly as one man.
Minor P…
»

Full quote, sourcing, notes:
https://wist.info/bierce-ambrose/73326/

#quote #quotes #quotation #conclusion #error #logic #syllogism #premises

"Byzantine diagrams are originated by Byzantine scholars in the early modern period to use as tools for teaching and studying Aristotelian logic. This paper presents pioneering work on employing Byzantine diagrams for checking syllogistic validity through reduction."

Bhattacharjee, R. (2024) ‘Direct Reduction of Syllogisms with Byzantine Diagrams’, History and Philosophy of Logic, pp. 1–22. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/01445340.2024.2336411.

#OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #DOI #History #Logic #Philosophy #EarlyModern #Reasoning #Syllogism #Academia #Academic #Academics @earlymodern @philosophy

The HackerNews bot reported this trending post about "being and reading"[1], and I can’t help remembering Schopenhauer’s words on "reading and stupidity"[2]: "When we read, someone else thinks for us; we repeat merely his mental process. (...) But such is the case with very many scholars; they have read themselves stupid". So tempting to draw a #syllogism here ;-) #philosophy

[1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40151952
[2] https://la.utexas.edu/users/hcleaver/330T/350kPEESchopenReadingTable.pdf

In part 3 of his Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics, Immanuel Kant draws on three types of syllogisms as clues to what the three types of transcendental ideas are. Here's the Sadler's Lectures podcast looking at that section

https://soundcloud.com/gregorybsadler/immanuel-kant-prolegomena-syllogisms-and-pure-ideas-of-reason
#Podcast #Kant #Metaphysics #Syllogism #Transcendental #Ideas

Functional Logic • Inquiry and Analogy • 5

Inquiry and Analogy • Aristotle’s “Paradigm” • Reasoning by Analogy

Aristotle examines the subject of analogical inference or “reasoning by example” under the heading of the Greek word παραδειγμα, from which comes the English word paradigm.  In its original sense the word suggests a kind of “side‑show”, or a parallel comparison of cases.

We have an Example (παραδειγμα, or analogy) when the major extreme is shown to be applicable to the middle term by means of a term similar to the third.  It must be known both that the middle applies to the third term and that the first applies to the term similar to the third.

E.g., let A be “bad”, B “to make war on neighbors”, C “Athens against Thebes”, and D “Thebes against Phocis”.  Then if we require to prove that war against Thebes is bad, we must be satisfied that war against neighbors is bad.  Evidence of this can be drawn from similar examples, e.g., that war by Thebes against Phocis is bad.  Then since war against neighbors is bad, and war against Thebes is against neighbors, it is evident that war against Thebes is bad.

Aristotle, “Prior Analytics” 2.24, Hugh Tredennick (trans.)

Figure 6 shows the logical relationships involved in Aristotle’s example of analogy.

Resources

• Logic Syllabus
• Boolean Function
• Boolean-Valued Function
• Logical Conjunction
• Minimal Negation Operator
• Functional Logic • Part 1 • Part 2 • Part 3
• Cactus Language • Part 1 • Part 2 • Part 3 • References • Document History

cc: FB | Peirce Matters • Laws of Form • Mathstodon • Ontolog • Academia.edu
cc: Conceptual Graphs • Cybernetics • Structural Modeling • Systems Science

#Abduction #Analogy #Argument #Aristotle #CSPeirce #Constraint #Deduction #Determination #DiagrammaticReasoning #Diagrams #DifferentialLogic #FunctionalLogic #Hypothesis #Indication #Induction #Inference #Information #Inquiry #Logic #LogicOfScience #Mathematics #PragmaticSemioticInformation #ProbableReasoning #PropositionalCalculus #Propositions #Reasoning #Retroduction #Semiotics #SignRelations #Syllogism #TriadicRelations #Visualization

Here's the next Sadler's Lectures podcast episode on Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics book 7, this one on the topic of the practical syllogism. Side note: if anyone tells you this is simple or straightforward in Aristotle's work...don't buy it!

https://soundcloud.com/gregorybsadler/aristotle-nicomachean-ethics-bk-7-practical-syllogism
#Aristotle #Ethics #Podcast #Practical #Syllogism #Reasoning