Ancient squids dominated the ocean 100 million years ago, fossil discovery technique reveals

Squids first appeared about 100 million years ago and quickly rose to become dominant predators in the ancient oceans, according to a study published in the journal Science.

Climatic and tectonic controls on shallow-marine and freshwater diatomite deposition throughout the Palaeogene

Abstract. Diatoms play a major role in carbon and silicon cycles, and thus diatom-bearing sediments represent an archive of past climatic and environmental settings. In shallow-marine and freshwater environments, the accumulation of diatom frustules forms a sedimentary rock called diatomite. While most global-scale studies of diatom-bearing sediments focus on deep-sea sites, shallow-marine and freshwater diatomites are studied mainly at a regional level. To address this problem, we present a global-scale compilation of diatomite occurrences spanning the Palaeogene (∼66 to ∼23 Ma). This period was characterized by initial extreme warmth, followed by prolonged cooling, disrupted by short-term climatic events called hyperthermals and by a number of palaeoceanographic and palaeogeographic changes. The aim of this compilation is to determine the response of diatom production to Palaeogene environmental fluctuations by examining the influence of climate, tectonic activity, and ocean circulation on diatomite deposition. Although climatic factors appear to have had an indirect impact, our study suggests that palaeogeographic and palaeoceanographic changes were key drivers of diatomite deposition during the Palaeogene, particularly from the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum (∼53 to ∼49 Ma) onwards. In fact, our compilation suggests the absence of diatomite deposition in epicontinental seas between ∼46 and ∼44 Ma, whereas diatomites did not begin to accumulate in open-ocean environments until ∼43.5 Ma. Moreover, we observe that regional climate and volcano-tectonic activity have had an impact on the deposition of freshwater diatomites.

Nadir crater: The asteroid that killed the dinosaurs was not alone

A second asteroid hit Earth around the same time causing a "catastrophic" event.

First evidence of life colonizing deep into the bedrock of Greenland

A new study shows that microorganisms lived deep within the fractured bedrock of Greenland 75 million years ago. The work is published in the journal Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems.

Mantle convection linked to seaway closure that transformed Earth's oceanographic circulation patterns

Continental drift is a concept familiar to many, referencing the movement of Earth's continents due to shifting tectonic plates over millions of years, splitting one globe-spanning supercontinent into the configuration we see today. Alongside this there have been smaller land mass movements that have opened seaways, affecting ocean circulation patterns and climate.

Paleogene - Wikipedia