Analysis of in-service occupational medical examination results during employment for high-temperature workers in Longhua District, Shenzhen City
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<b>Objective</b> To investigate the health status of high-temperature workers in Longhua District,
Shenzhen City.
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<b>Methods</b> A total of 10 323 high-temperature workers in Longhua District from 2019 to 2022
were selected as the research subjects using the judgment sampling method. Their in-service
occupational medical examination results during employment were collected and analyzed
by grouping.
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<b>Results</b> The abnormal rates of urinalysis, blood pressure, serum alanine aminotransferase
(ALT), electrocardiogram (ECG), and blood glucose among the research subjects were
34.9%, 12.5%, 8.5%, 7.6%, and 7.2%, respectively. Women had a higher rate of abnormal
urinalysis than men (63.0%
<i>vs</i> 25.9%,
<i>P</i><0.01), while men had higher rates of abnormal blood pressure and serum ALT than women
(13.5%
<i>vs</i> 9.4%, 10.2%
<i>vs</i> 3.1%, both
<i>P</i><0.01). The abnormal rates of urinalysis, blood pressure, ECG, and blood glucose among
the research subjects increased with age (all
<i>P</i><0.05), while the abnormal rate of serum ALT decreased with age (
<i>P</i><0.01). The abnormal rates of blood pressure and blood glucose increased with the
length of high-temperature work time (all
<i>P</i><0.01). The most common occupation exposed to high temperatures was injection molding
(accounting for 22.2%). The abnormal rates of urinalysis, blood pressure, serum ALT,
ECG, and blood glucose among different occupations had significant differences (all
<i>P</i><0.01). Among them, injection molding workers had the highest rate of abnormal urinalysis
(43.5%), while inflation film workers had the highest rate of abnormal blood pressure
(24.2%).
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<b>Conclusion</b> The health status of high-temperature workers in Longhua District is concerning.
Priority should be given to addressing abnormalities in urinalysis, ALT, ECG, blood
pressure, and blood glucose. Occupational medical examinations should focus on elder
workers and those with long high-temperature work time.
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<b>摘要: 目的</b>了解深圳市龙华区高温作业人员的健康状况。
<b>方法</b>采用判断抽样方法, 选择龙华区2019 – 2022年的 10 323名高温作业人员为研究对象, 收集其在岗期间的职业健康检査结果进行分组统计分析。
<b>结果</b>研究对象尿常规、血压、血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、心电图、血糖的异常率分别为34.9%、12.5%、8.5%、7.6%和7.2%。女性尿常规异常 率高于男性(63.0%
<i>vs</i> 25.9%,
<i>P</i><0.01), 男性血压和血清ALT异常率均高于女性(13.5%
<i>vs</i> 9.4%, 10.2%
<i>vs</i> 3.1%,
<i>P</i>值均< 0.01)。研究对象尿常规、血压、心电图和血糖异常率均随着年龄的增加呈逐渐升高趋势(
<i>P</i>值均<0.05)血清ALT异常率 随着年龄的增加呈逐渐下降趋势(
<i>P</i><0.01),血压和血糖异常率均随着高温作业工龄的增加逐渐升高(
<i>P</i>值均<0.01)。接 触高温人数占比最多的工种是注塑(占22.2%)。不同工种人群的尿常规、血压、血清ALT、心电图和血糖异常率分别 比较, 差异均有统计学意义(
<i>P</i>值均<0.01);其中, 注塑工尿常规异常率(43.5%)最高, 吹膜工血压异常率(24.2%)最高。
<b>结论</b>龙华区高温作业人员健康状况不容乐观;应重点关注高温作业人员的尿常规、ALT、心电图、血压和血糖异常问 题, 加强年龄较大和高温作业工龄较长人群的职业健康检査工作。
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unitedvrg.com
ScienceOpen
David Grayless
Tom Kindlon
Quentin Durand-Moreau, MD