This is a really interesting result [1]! We knew Comet 3I/ATLAS was an interstellar object because of its orbit, but the precise measurements done with ALMA by a team lead by a Ph.D. student (Luis E. Salazar Manzano from the University of Michigan), and supervised by Chilean assistant professor Teresa Paneque-Carreño [3], really show that its chemistry does not belong in our solar system.

In particular, the team found that 3I/ATLAS contains *at least 30 times* the proportion of semi-heavy water* found in comets from our own Solar System, which clearly indicates a different chemical history. The chemical processes leading to the enrichment of HDO usually require environments colder than about 30 Kelvin, which means the solar system in which 3I/ATLAS originated was colder than ours.

And this could be found because ALMA could observe the comet right after its perihelion, quite close to the sun, but observable with a radio telecope!

*Semi-heavy water [4] is water made with one atom of the most common isotope of hydrogen (protium), one atom of Deuterium (the next most common isotope of hydrogen, containing one proton and one neuron), and oxygen. It is sometimes called HDO, with D standing for Deuterium, or ¹H²HO. Compare with heavy water, which is made of two atoms of Deuterium and Oxygen, or D₂O (or ²H₂O).

#ALMA #AtacamaLargeMillimeterArray #AtacamaLargeMillimeterSubmillimeterArray #Comet3IATLAS #SolarSystemFormation #InterstellarObjects

[1] https://www.almaobservatory.org/en/press-releases/alma-reveals-interstellar-comet-3i-atlas-formed-in-a-far-colder-world-than-our-own/
[2] https://lsa.umich.edu/astro/people/graduate-students/lesamz.html
[3] https://terepaneque.com/info_english/
[4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiheavy_water

ALMA Reveals Interstellar Comet 3I/ATLAS Formed in a Far Colder World Than Our Own | ALMA Observatory

First-ever measurement of deuterated water in an interstellar object shows its home system formed under extreme conditions New observations from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) have yielded the first-ever measurement of deuterated water — also known as semi-heavy water — in an interstellar object. The discovery reveals that the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS contains at...

And they also have a nice feature with a second feed in which they overlay the sky coordinates and constellations over the live image!

https://youtube.com/live/1VyAARHQqDA?feature=share

That one also has relaxing musing, so give it a try…

#ALMA #AtacamaLargeMillimeterSubmillimeterArray #AtacamaLargeMillimeterArray #LiveStreaming #TelescopeMonitoringVideoFeed #AsahiAstroLive #StarMap #StarChart #RelaxingMusic

ALMA, Chile Star Chart

YouTube

Great! I just discovered that colleagues from NAOJ have partnered with Asahi Astro LIVE so that you can now watch on YouTube the ALMA camera feed looking at the ALMA Compact Array and surrounding antennas… on certain days you will be able to see our transporters, Otto and Lore!

And on windy weather, you can see the vibration on the camera…

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zdy0AxaVYvI

#ALMA #AtacamaLargeMillimeterSubmillimeterArray #AtacamaLargeMillimeterArray #LiveStreaming #TelescopeMonitoringVideoFeed # #AsahiAstroLive

The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and Starry sky LIVE, Chile

YouTube

Teams using our ALMA Observatory have been able to clearly show how magnetism has a pre-eminent role in young star accretion and growth!

The best part is that the lead scientist for that paper is our colleague Paulo Cortés, who apart from doing notable science is also responsible for the scientific acceptance of ALMA software releases!

https://www.almaobservatory.org/en/press-releases/astronomers-spot-magnetically-guided-streamer-funneling-star-building-material-into-newborn-system-in-perseus/

#ALMA #AtacamaLargeMillimeterArray #AtacamaLargeMillimeterSubmillimeterArray #YoungStars #StarFormation #Magnetism #CosmicMagnetism

Astronomers Spot Magnetically-Guided Streamer Funneling Star-Building Material into Newborn System in Perseus | ALMA Observatory

New ALMA observations reveal spiral-shaped gas streamer guided by magnetic fields in a star-forming nursery Highlights A team of astronomers led by Paulo Cortes, a scientist with the U.S. National Science Foundation National Radio Astronomy Observatory and the Joint ALMA Observatory, has made a groundbreaking discovery about how young star systems grow. Using the powerful...

We have updated our website to communicate the status and the future benefits of ALMA's Wideband Sensitivity Upgrade in our site for scientists:

https://www.almaobservatory.org/en/scientists/alma-2030-wsu/wsu-program/

#ALMA #AtacamaLargeMillimeterArray #AtacamaLargeMillimeterSubmillimeterArray #WSU #WidebandSensitivityUpgrade

WSU Program | ALMA Observatory

When is heavy water (i.e., that formed with deuterium instead of simple hydrogen) formed in the universe? Very early into protoplanetary system formation, it seems!

«Our detection indisputably demonstrates that the water seen in this planet-forming disk must be older than the central star and formed at the earliest stages of star and planet formation,” shares Margot Leemker, lead author on this paper, and a postdoc with the Department of Physics, University of Milan, Italy. “This presents a major breakthrough in understanding the journey of water through planet formation, and how this water made its way to our Solar System, and possibly Earth, through similar processes.”»

https://www.almaobservatory.org/en/press-releases/first-ever-detection-of-heavy-water-in-a-planet-forming-disk/

#ALMA #AtacamaLargeMillimeterSubmillimeterArray #AtacamaLargeMillimeterArray #PlanetFormation #PlanetSystemFormation #GalacticWater #GalacticHeavyWater #HeavyWater #D2O

First-ever Detection of “Heavy Water” in a Planet-forming Disk | ALMA Observatory

New ALMA data traces water found in comets, and planet formation, back to the dawn of the cosmos Highlights: Astronomers using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) have made a first-ever detection of doubly deuterated water (D₂O, or “heavy water”) in a planet-forming disk around V883 Ori, a young star. This means that the water...

A group led by Fujimoto-san et al have uncovered a primordial galaxy, just 930 million years after the Big Bang (z=6.072). The galaxy is composed of at least 15 dense, star-forming clumps embedded within a rotating disk like a "Cosmic Grape". These clumps, with sizes ranging from 10 to 60 parsecs, dominate 70% of the galaxy's UV light, and are reshaping our understanding of early galactic structure formation. More than 100 hours of joint ALMA and JWST observations were made, amplified by gravitational lensing, making this one of the most studies early galaxies.

More information on https://www.almaobservatory.org/en/press-releases/alma-and-james-webb-space-telescope-shed-light-on-cosmic-grapes/

#ALMA #AtacamaLargeMillimeterArray #AtacamaLargeMillimeterSubmillimeterArray #JWST #GalaxyEvolution #OriginOfGalaxies #EarlyUniverse #PrimordialGalaxies #GrapeLikeGalaxies

ALMA and James Webb Space Telescope Shed Light on "Cosmic Grapes" | ALMA Observatory

ALMA and JWST observations unveil unexpected details of rapid growth in a faint, newborn

We have passed the Wideband Sensitivity Upgrade System Preliminary Design Review (PDR), and the Critical Design and Manufacturing Review (CDMR) for the Observing Support Facility (OSF) Correlator Room (OCRO)… learn more here! https://alma.loadingediciones.cl/dev/es/alma-moves-forward-with-its-scientific-upgrade-progress-on-the-wsu-project/

#ALMA #AtacamaLargeMillimeterArray #AtacamaLargeMillimeterSubmillimeterArray #WSU #WidebandSensitivityUpgrade #PDR #PreliminaryDesignReview #CDMR #CriticalDesignManufacturingReview #OCR #OSFCorrelatorRoom #OSF #ObservingSupportFacility

Pela primeira vez, astrônomos testemunham nascer de um novo sistema solar

Pesquisadores internacionais identificaram, pela primeira vez, o momento em que os planetas começaram a se formar em torno de uma estrela além do Sol. Usando o telescópio Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (Alma), do qual o Observatório Europeu do Sul (ESO) é parceiro, e o telescópio espacial James Webb, eles observaram a criação das primeiras partículas de material formador de planetas — minerais quentes começando a se solidificar. Esta descoberta marca a primeira vez que um sistema planetário foi identificado em um estágio tão inicial de sua formação e abre uma janela para o passado do nosso próprio Sistema Solar.

“Pela primeira vez, identificamos o primeiro momento em que a formação de planetas é iniciada em torno de uma estrela diferente do nosso Sol”, diz Melissa McClure, professora da Universidade de Leiden, na Holanda, e principal autora do novo estudo, publicado na revista Nature.

A coautora Merel van ‘t Hoff, professora da Universidade Purdue, Estados Unidos, compara suas descobertas a ‘uma imagem do Sistema Solar bebê’, dizendo que “estamos vendo um sistema que se parece com o que nosso Sistema Solar parecia quando estava apenas começando a se formar”.

Este sistema planetário recém-nascido está emergindo em torno de HOPS-315, uma ‘proto’ ou estrela-bebê que fica a cerca de 1,3 mil anos-luz de distância de nós e é um análogo do Sol nascente. Ao redor dessas estrelas bebês, os astrônomos frequentemente observam discos de gás e poeira conhecidos como ‘discos protoplanetários’, que são os locais de nascimento de novos planetas. Embora os astrônomos já tenham observado discos jovens que contêm planetas recém-nascidos, massivos e semelhantes a Júpiter, McClure afirma: “sempre soubemos que as primeiras partes sólidas dos planetas, ou ‘planetesimais’, devem se formar em estágios mais remotos, em estágios iniciais”.

Em nosso Sistema Solar, o primeiro material sólido a se condensar próximo à localização atual da Terra ao redor do Sol é encontrado preso dentro de meteoritos antigos. Astrônomos datam essas rochas primordiais para determinar quando o relógio começou a contar a história da formação do nosso Sistema Solar. Esses meteoritos são repletos de minerais cristalinos que contêm monóxido de silício (SiO) e podem se condensar nas temperaturas extremamente altas presentes em discos planetários jovens. Com o tempo, esses sólidos recém-condensados se unem, semeando as sementes para a formação de planetas à medida que ganham tamanho e massa. Os primeiros planetesimais com quilômetros de extensão no Sistema Solar, que cresceram e se tornaram planetas como a Terra ou o núcleo de Júpiter, formaram-se logo após a condensação desses minerais cristalinos.

Com a nova descoberta, os astrônomos encontraram evidências de que esses minerais quentes começam a se condensar no disco ao redor de HOPS-315. Seus resultados mostram que o SiO está presente ao redor da estrela bebê em seu estado gasoso, bem como dentro desses minerais cristalinos, sugerindo que ele está apenas começando a se solidificar. “Esse processo nunca foi observado antes em um disco protoplanetário — ou em qualquer lugar fora do nosso Sistema Solar”, afirma o coautor Edwin Bergin, professor da Universidade de Michigan, Estados Unidos.

#Alma #AtacamaLargeMillimeterSubmillimeterArray #cinturãoDeAsteroides #condensaçãoMineral #DesertoDoAtacama #discosProtoplanetários #EdwinBergin #ElizabethHumphreys #ESO #EstadosUnidos #estrelaBebê #estudoAstronômico #formaçãoInicialDePlanetas #formaçãoPlanetária #galáxia #históriaDoSistemaSolar #HOPS315 #JWST #LoganFrancis #MelissaMcClure #MerelVanTHoff #meteoritosAntigos #mineraisCristalinos #monóxidoDeSilício #Nature #ObservatórioEuropeuDoSul #planetesimais #sistemaPlanetário #telescópioALMA #telescópioJamesWebb #UniversidadeDeLeiden #UniversidadeDeMichigan #UniversidadePurdue

This is my second migration on Mastodon, so I think an Introduction might be in order. I'm moving in to this account (that had lived independently, to test some of Mathstodon features) after astrodon.social is being sunset. Hope that Astrodon as a concept still lives!

I currently work in Systems Engineering for radio telescopes (in particular, the ALMA radio interferometer). I’ve also worked in software development and management for the SKAO observatory, and for the archive department at ESO. Of course, I'm also very interested in math (specially that having to do with system theory), so I'll try to get a bit stronger there.

Glad to see you all around!

#Introduction #SystemsEngineering #SystemTheory #RadioTelescopes #ALMA #AtacamaLargeMillimeterArray #AtacamaLargeMillimeterSubmillimeterArray #SKAO #SquareKilometreArrayObservatory #ESO #EuropeanSouthernObservatory #Astrodon