Cystoderma amianthinum

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Ecology: Saprobic; growing alone, scattered, or gregariously, usually in moss under conifers; late summer and fall (over winter in California); originally described from Slovenia (Scopoli 1772); widely distributed in Europe; widely distributed in North America, primarily in northern and montane (including the Appalachians) areas; also documented in Central America and Oceania. The illustrated and described collections are from Colorado.

Cap: 2-4 cm; convex or bell-shaped at first, becoming broadly convex, broadly bell-shaped, or nearly flat; dry; frequently somewhat wrinkled in radial patterns; when fresh covered with mealy granules; often yellow-brown when young, becoming golden yellow to yellowish or brownish; the margin not lined.

Gills: Attached to the stem, sometimes by means of a notch; close; short-gills frequent; whitish.

Stem: 2-5 cm long; 3-8 mm thick; more or less equal, or tapering to apex; dry; pale and fairly smooth near the apex, but sheathed with granular material and colored like the cap below, with the sheath terminating in a flimsy ring that quickly fragments or disappears.

Flesh: Whitish; thin.

Odor and Taste: Taste mild; odor usually pungent and unpleasant.

Chemical Reactions: KOH red on cap surface.

Spore Print: White.

Microscopic Features: Spores 5-7 x 3-4 m; ellipsoid; smooth; at least weakly amyloid; hyaline in KOH. Basidia 26-28 x 4-5 m; clavate; 4-sterigmate. Hymenial cystidia not found. Pileipellis a trichoderm of chained, subglobose to ellipsoid, smooth elements 10-25 m wide, with orangish brown walls in KOH. Clamp connections present.

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