Timnit Gebru (she/her).Jun 9, 2023
Here's what I wrote in 2015 when our OpenAI overlords were announced, and after I had a terrible experience at NIPS (a conference now named NeuRIPS after a number of people, mostly women demanded a name change and received death threats for doing so. Interesting to see my reflections from ~8 years ago, not much I'd change except for certain phrases I probably wouldn't use now (e.g. implicit bias).
Show threadTimnit Gebru (she/her).Jun 9, 2023

I struggle to understand Silicon Valley’s libertarians’ allergic reaction to discussing problems caused by the extreme homogeneity of the research circle. The same is true for many in the AI research community of which I am a part. As this thoughtfully written letter to SCOTUS from physicists explains,

The implication that physics or “hard sciences” are somehow divorced from the social realities of racism in our society is completely fallacious.

Show threadTimnit Gebru (she/her).Jun 9, 2023

The exclusion of people from physics solely on the basis of the color of their skin is an outrageous outcome that ought to be a top priority for rectification.

The rhetorical pretense that including everyone in physics class is somehow irrelevant to the practice of physics ignores the fact that we have learned and discovered all the amazing facts about the universe through working together in a community.

Show threadTimnit Gebru (she/her).Jun 9, 2023

The benefits of inclusivity and equity are the same for physics as they are for every other aspect of our world.

The statement holds true for AI and any type of “ism”. One would think that the people trying to “stop AI from harming society” would pay attention to this sort of stuff.

Show threadTimnit Gebru (she/her).Jun 9, 2023
However, amidst the wide acclaim given to Elon Musk and others’ announcement of a “non-profit” venture to “Stop AI from destroying humanity,” only one potential problem has been raised: the fact that all the researchers are working on deep learning.
Show threadTimnit Gebru (she/her).Jun 9, 2023
A White tech tycoon born and raised in South Africa during apartheid, along with an all White all male set of investors and researchers is trying to stop AI from “taking over the world” and the only potential problem we see is that “all the researchers are working on deep learning?”
Show threadTimnit Gebru (she/her).Jun 9, 2023
Google recently came out with a computer vision algorithm that classified black people as Apes. AS APES. Some try to explain away this mishap by stating that the algorithm must have picked out color as an essential discriminator in classifying humans.
Show threadTimnit Gebru (she/her).Jun 9, 2023
If there was even one Black person in the team, or just someone who thinks about race, a product classifying Black people as apes would not have been released. Either the dataset would have been sufficiently augmented, or more research into the algorithm would have been mandated. But a product with this type of misclassification would not have been released. Imagine an algorithm that regularly classifies White people as non-human.
Show threadTimnit Gebru (she/her).Jun 9, 2023

No American company would call this a production ready person detection system.

At this point in these types of conversations people usually mention that there aren’t qualified this-or-that group of people who are deep learning researchers. I can name at least 10 extremely qualified female researchers in my sleep--including one who left the field due to exclusion--and swathes of them can be found here (LINK).

Show threadTimnit Gebru (she/her).Jun 9, 2023
When you ask someone to “recommend” potential researchers in this extremely segregated and homogeneous world, they will recommend other researchers who are their friends, read the same hacker news every day and talk about the same things. They will recommend other boys in the very tight boys network.
Show threadTimnit Gebru (she/her).Jun 9, 2023
Funny enough, the same men feel too uncomfortable to participate in events encouraging women in CS simply because the room might be more than 70% women. Go to the conferences, talk to people, attend the parties and you will see.
Show threadTimnit Gebru (she/her).Jun 9, 2023
As the night proceeds, you will be transported to the Madmen era where drunk old men, professors or company representatives from places such as Google, start unsolicitedly groping some of the handful of women present at the conference parties. And the women are either completely assimilated (a well documented method of survival for minorities) or too uncomfortable to speak up.
Show threadTimnit Gebru (she/her).Jun 9, 2023
But that type of overt caricature of sexism is nothing compared to the covert one bestowed upon us by people who believe they are too objective, rational and intelligent to have biases. Keep in mind they are researchers--researchers who have the skills and resources to learn about most subjects they deem to be worthy of their time. But they are simply not interested in an attempt to understand their implicit biases, read literature or ask questions about it.
Show threadTimnit Gebru (she/her).Jun 9, 2023
These are the people creating AI. And the tasks, values and priorities of the AI agent are reflections of those of its creators. People harm society. We don’t have to project into the future to see AI’s potential adverse effects. It is already happening. However, Silicon Valley does not speak out on atrocities such as the US drone warfare that is illegally killing people.
Show threadTimnit Gebru (she/her).Jun 9, 2023
Because presumably the intelligence occupied by this select group of men (many speak as though they belong to a different species with superior intelligence and rationality), cannot be bothered to think of mundane day to day activities such as war. Even the nuclear bomb was not created by physicists whose day to day life was completely divorced from the complex realities of the world we live in.
Show threadTimnit Gebru (she/her).Jun 9, 2023
They were very much aware of politics and history, and actively engaged in a capacity higher than the abstract futuristic intellectual discussions in vacuum that AI researchers of today seem to be engaged in. By the way, these discussions, once again, are conducted amongst a highly homogenous group of people: see for example the participants in a NIPS panel on the societal impacts of machine learning (http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~mpsha/NIPS_Symposium_2015.html).
NIPS Symposium 2015

Show threadTimnit Gebru (she/her).Jun 9, 2023

I am very concerned about the future of AI. Not because of the risk of rogue machines taking over. But because of the homogeneous, one dimensional group of men who are currently involved in advancing the technology.

Concerned AI researcher

Show threadHistoPol (#HP) 🏴 🇺🇸 🏴Jun 11, 2023

@timnitGebru

I am concerned for both reasons, b/c one promotes the other re/ bias, etc.

But what also has me worried is that even though some #AI luminaries have seen the light and called for a moratorium, it is for the wrong reasons.

Legislation will never catch up with the exponential evolution of #GAI, not even in the #eu

Concerned observer and commentator

Show threadleadbJun 11, 2023

@HistoPol @timnitGebru

« Legislation will never catch up with the exponential evolution of … »

Probably not if things go on like they went so far.

Isn’t that (forecasted) exponential evolution dependent (/directly related to) a primary energy demand exponential growth ?

🤔

Show threadHistoPol (#HP) 🏴 🇺🇸 🏴Jun 12, 2023

(1/3)

@leadb

@timnitGebru

Our exchange gave me pause. This is why I have just finished writing a thread regarding the current state of #AI regulations in the West which you might enjoy reading:

https://mastodon.social/@HistoPol/110528310717257043

Re/ energy demand and exponential growth--what are you referring to?

Here are some preliminary thoughts of mine on the topic:

#AI, though needing a lot of energy, is not the same as #CryptoMining...

Show threadHistoPol (#HP) 🏴 🇺🇸 🏴Jun 12, 2023

@leadb @timnitGebru

(2/3)

... regarding energy consumption (hypothesis.)
Furthermore, putting data centers in countries like #Greenland with freely available energy gets around this limitation to some degree.
Also, another hypothesis of mine is that the additional energy consumption will now chiefly be proportional to the number of requests in #ChatGPT....

Show threadHistoPol (#HP) 🏴 🇺🇸 🏴Jun 12, 2023

@leadb @timnitGebru

(3/3)

...
One of my chief hypothesis is (see linked thread above at the end) is that the next evolutionary quantum-leap for #AI will be #embodiment. This can be explained by #SystemsTheory (#Luhmann et al) and other social sciences:

https://mastodon.social/@HistoPol/110485223389507009

Last, but not least, #PrivateGPT is on the rise and that requires only a gaming PC, not data-centers.

Show threadDick Smiths Fair Go SupportersJun 13, 2023

@HistoPol
Its not the same for bitcoin precisely *because* Bitcoin doesn't need to expend copious amounts of energy, whereas AI basically does.

In a future where we have less energy, bitcoin wins.

Truth will always win out in the end. Just like fiat currencies over the millennia always reach their final price, zero.

@leadb @timnitGebru

Show threadHistoPol (#HP) 🏴 🇺🇸 🏴Jun 13, 2023

@dsfgs

(1/2)

Bitcoin and crypto in general is not my specialty and is often being pushed by dubious actors like #Musk, #Thiel, several rightwing parties (e.g. the #German #AfD).

However, the energy issue seems to be evident:

"According to the Cambridge Center for Alternative Finance (CCAF), Bitcoin currently consumes around 110 Terawatt Hours per year — 0.55% of global electricity production,..."

https://hbr.org/2021/05/how-much-energy-does-bitcoin-actually-consume

@leadb @timnitGebru

How Much Energy Does Bitcoin Actually Consume?

Today, Bitcoin consumes as much energy as a small country. This certainly sounds alarming — but the reality is a little more complicated. The author discusses several common misconceptions surrounding the Bitcoin sustainability debate, and ultimately argues that it’s up to the crypto community to acknowledge and address environmental concerns, work in good faith to reduce Bitcoin’s carbon footprint, and ultimately demonstrate that the societal value that Bitcoin provides is worth the resources needed to sustain it.

Harvard Business Review
Show threadHistoPol (#HP) 🏴 🇺🇸 🏴Jun 13, 2023

@dsfgs @leadb @timnitGebru

(2/2)

"...
"...or roughly equivalent to the annual energy draw of small countries like Malaysia or Sweden. This certainly sounds like a lot of energy. "

And this is just Bitcoin, not all cryptocurrencies.

Furthermore, #China cracked down on farms, ostensibly due to excessive energy consumption, though lack of control by the #CCP seems like another important factor to me. ;)

Show threadDick Smiths Fair Go Supporters

@HistoPol
TwitterBuyer pumps #Doge because he's trying to distract from bitcoin — it ends #exhorbidantPrivilege.

That same Cambridge dept worked out that its the eqivalent of everyone boiling 17% of a tea kettle per day. The claims bitcoin is bad are just pushed by people who don't like bitcoin no matter how good and efficient it is.

Savers are good at no consumerism, too.

The issue with bitcoin are onramps like #exchanges and friendly banks are heavily attacked cir 2021.

@leadb @timnitGebru

Jun 13, 2023 at 1:10pmWeb
Show threadHistoPol (#HP) 🏴 🇺🇸 🏴Jun 13, 2023

@dsfgs @leadb @timnitGebru

Like I said, Bitcoin is not my cup of tea and not the focus of this thread, I'm afraid.

Show threadDick Smiths Fair Go SupportersJun 13, 2023

@HistoPol
Nice referrence to tea.

Because you brought up (#)cryptoMining above we though we would add some facts about the most prominent one bitcoin, given there are many falsities propagated when it comes to bitcoin and it #proofOfWork system.

Have a nice day.
@leadb @timnitGebru

Show threadHistoPol (#HP) 🏴 🇺🇸 🏴Jun 13, 2023

@dsfgs @leadb @timnitGebru

You, too.