"Cultivation of a shallow authority gradient encourages trainees to clarify instructions, challenge decisions and voice concerns, thereby reducing ambiguity and potential errors."

"Senior doctors should practise active listening and have insight into their own openness when challenged."

from "Understanding authority gradient: tips for speaking up for patient safety (and how to enhance the listening response)" (2022): https://doi.org/10.1111/tog.12829 via @tom_geraghty

#teamWork #hierarchy #authorityGradient #authority #safety #hospitals #healthcare #publicHealth #power #powerGradient

Mini-Compendium: Power, Safety, Authority Gradients, and the Power of Elites

Here’s some articles, mostly full-text links, exploring power within organisations.

Includes broader social power, power gradients, voice, and more.

Feel free to shout me a coffee if you’d like to support the growth of my site:

https://buymeacoffee.com/benhutchinson

Full-Text Articles

[Below link will say ‘Discursive effects of safety science’. Download it and its a whole book with the above chapter]

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Johan-Bergstroem/publication/335162893_The_Discursive_Effects_of_Safety_Science/links/650ad3d6d5293c106cca099b/The-Discursive-Effects-of-Safety-Science.pdf#page=124

https://sidneydekker.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/SafetyInPower.pdf

https://sidneydekker.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/JustCultureCritique.pdf

https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/79944444/1d996e_7f6d510450714d16a785e27021ff18b8-libre.pdf?1643583068=&response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DLeader_Humility_and_Team_Creativity_The.pdf&Expires=1742163884&Signature=dpjnEIAR6EST6HE0kx1~oMIMWZT7p~7tI4qslcYJO9tzlH5l8JsrCpijy4umQXbVzcBvJB799-d~rhpyacjjc0xF-SL0elgOB3llLFvyoWfjBzmEyjKVv8-nmFZNgByEjk9ymu5mzK5W5a9puCm5YBcOolRSmHzoHIlDDNEBxCr-sVGZddRRRxYtYKl83Qau5zlPOJq9nWSe7EIUZcB9-YD6i8jtSwXF5DiStJgRZRvR7ydIWxhKoZwCUe4qUPBAPYZvv3ybYIuARgj7KlEJV8mAPUw3MZSpROLY8YP~m52Yw6lJ8iCZMx2up2xyEi-gyoa2geJjmDaTB6Ic~BbX2g__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106446

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4880472/pdf/nihms5702.pdf

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Wai-Yoong/publication/362609810_Understanding_authority_gradient_tips_for_speaking_up_for_patient_safety_and_how_to_enhance_the_listening_response/links/67a268e296e7fb48b9b46fa6/Understanding-authority-gradient-tips-for-speaking-up-for-patient-safety-and-how-to-enhance-the-listening-response.pdf

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Erin-Stevens-2/publication/350469124_The_impact_of_power_on_health_care_team_performance_and_patient_safety_A_review_of_the_literature/links/608758b98ea909241e28c310/The-impact-of-power-on-health-care-team-performance-and-patient-safety-A-review-of-the-literature.pdf

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1197/j.aem.2004.07.005

https://eprints.lse.ac.uk/90953/1/Tear_Safety-culture-and-power.pdf

https://ecampus.nmit.ac.nz/moodle/pluginfile.php/2178236/mod_resource/content/1/Trust%2C%20Power%20and%20safety%20in%20the%20social%20work%20supervisory%20relationship%20%282017%29.pdf

https://research-repository.griffith.edu.au/server/api/core/bitstreams/6be4c986-c4d5-5145-9360-6ceb388de953/content

https://sidneydekker.stackedsite.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/899/2017/09/ZeroVision.pdf

https://www.academia.edu/download/86424812/j.ssci.2019.09.02820220524-1-1nt6327.pdf

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2018.10.025

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/2327857921101130

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/25160435211027035?fbclid=IwAR21-3M4frgjnjiiesS5EZCfvfnISjdz7M7P8E130r2NLIPcUrqflEellLk&

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2019.04.039

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/09585192.2024.2342294

https://digitalcommons.osgoode.yorku.ca/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1001&context=ohlj

https://eprints.lse.ac.uk/109877/1/Noort_et_al._MANUSCRIPT_for_LSE_online.pdf

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2020.105120

https://www.ida.liu.se/~769A22/Seminarier/articles/safety_counterculture.pdf

https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00668

https://research.vu.nl/ws/portalfiles/portal/2277897/202659.pdf

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0096340211426395

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Andrew-Hopkins-4/publication/279759571_The_Limits_of_Normal_Accident_Theory/links/590ef803a6fdccad7b123cb3/The-Limits-of-Normal-Accident-Theory.pdf

https://www.academia.edu/download/107807207/soc4.1273720231125-1-c3885x.pdf

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/1463922X.2021.1881653

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Susan-Silbey/publication/228173756_Taming_Prometheus_Talk_About_Safety_and_Culture/links/55103d080cf203521969d837/Taming-Prometheus-Talk-About-Safety-and-Culture.pdf

https://safety177496371.wordpress.com/2022/02/08/ruthless-exploiters-or-ethical-guardians-of-the-workforce-powerful-ceos-and-their-impact-on-workplace-safety-and-health/

https://safety177496371.wordpress.com/2025/01/23/safety-culture-and-power-dynamics-in-organizations/

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Erin-Stevens-2/publication/350469124_The_impact_of_power_on_health_care_team_performance_and_patient_safety_A_review_of_the_literature/links/608758b98ea909241e28c310/The-impact-of-power-on-health-care-team-performance-and-patient-safety-A-review-of-the-literature.pdf

https://www.academia.edu/download/110471105/JHQ.000000000000025720240115-1-n29aqn.pdf

https://www.scielo.br/j/rbso/a/ghnrhMFyqSssFxFFSMfQbXd/?format=pdf&lang=en

https://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/9554587.pdf

https://ap-st01.ext.exlibrisgroup.com/61SCU_INST/upload/1741316102864/The%20construction%20and%20legitimation%20of%20workplace%20bullying%20in%20the%20pu.pdf?Expires=1741316223&Signature=itZRT0uJOuRdUpI5C3P6RhfqsmZwlNkxQpZQVbs-OlGf4~VM9H7Hsog9a5Nd3X9WWTDqhARrGVNkArCuMcFeuEg38qP5zQdJzx~V7ldivDFG1IBjRzhKkDD1qPB5-0TSTODiNLdesbPVP6ya-inEspaJZVJuekE6WH5lf-TnDICzt5NS-eMYWxjZBtul1KYSdSNXh55As8qvaHpcDQVZzmUTGO9FJgFjtAJiKL~pyn7E~z5Cj13j-of5IfY~jLA6KNFZ-wrB9YBMLEHzqcsAIudz8QUICkkQYYvG4H8MFEESfS~ShEhvYowHBLg6fS0NzNTOzZBmQ4Ii3JWeoys5OQ__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJ72OZCZ36VGVASIA

https://www.academia.edu/download/49166705/j.socscimed.2009.09.05220160927-27290-19a6oxp.pdf

https://www.academia.edu/download/30990385/2010_Clinical_supervision_Hdez_McDowell.pdf

https://studystock.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/understanding-power-in-organizations.pdf

https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/8236/4/Annals%20accepted.pdf

https://www.academia.edu/download/89536105/0003-066x.45.2.17920220812-1-11im1f6.pdf

http://www.contrib.andrew.cmu.edu/~krack/documents/pubs/1990/1990%20Assessing%20the%20Political%20Landscape.pdf

https://www.academia.edu/download/31144526/administrative_science_quarterly_7_1972_mechanic.pdf

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/26317877221084714

https://ascelibrary.org/doi/pdf/10.1061/%28ASCE%29LM.1943-5630.0000018?download=true

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sean-Buchanan/publication/327477734_Power_Institutions_and_Organizations/links/64888219d702370600ef726d/Power-Institutions-and-Organizations.pdf

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Belle-Ragins/publication/232499085_Gender_and_Power_in_Organizations_A_Longitudinal_Perspective/links/56baaf1f08ae3af6847d8c13/Gender-and-Power-in-Organizations-A-Longitudinal-Perspective.pdf

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Stewart-Ranson/publication/247733580_Power_and_Advantage_in_Organizations/links/0deec53c68032b4ade000000/Power-and-Advantage-in-Organizations.pdf

https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=c72a7081f0f19c3f3b4e99c492f16ac2f8a21c92

https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=902977fcabe0928dc829ca14ef62a8b26e5b8dad

https://www.jaapboonstra.nl/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Power-dynamics-and-organizational-change2.pdf

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jori-Kalkman/publication/308898552_Inter-Organizational_Disaster_Management_Projects_Finding_the_Middle_Way_between_Trust_and_Control/links/5c5a953692851c48a9bd7ccc/Inter-Organizational-Disaster-Management-Projects-Finding-the-Middle-Way-between-Trust-and-Control.pdf

https://www.humanfactors.lth.se/fileadmin/lusa/Sidney_Dekker/articles/2003_and_before/SuparamaniamDekker2003.pdf

https://mutualaiddisasterrelief.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/The_Biopolitics_of_Disaster_Power_Discourses_and_Practices.pdf

https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:513208/FULLTEXT01.pdf

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/rhc3.12218

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Howard-Schwartz-2/publication/40955166_On_the_psychodynamics_of_organizational_disaster_The_case_of_the_space_shuttle_Challenger/links/5cd08c0a92851c4eab87d179/On-the-psychodynamics-of-organizational-disaster-The-case-of-the-space-shuttle-Challenger.pdf

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106446

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10111-019-00545-8.pdf

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Emil-Kotsev/publication/381496413_Managing_the_Distance_with_the_Superior_Toward_a_Resolution_of_a_Subordinate_Manager’s_Dilemma/links/667a797b1dec0c3c6fa322e1/Managing-the-Distance-with-the-Superior-Toward-a-Resolution-of-a-Subordinate-Managers-Dilemma.pdf

https://www.academia.edu/105928772/Danger_zone_Men_masculinity_and_occupational_health_and_safety_in_high_risk_occupations

https://scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl/access/item%3A3250217/view

https://www.ida.liu.se/~769A22/Seminarier/articles/safety_counterculture.pdf

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2020.105120

https://www.academia.edu/91832217/Power_organization_design_and_managerial_behaviour

https://journal.psych.ac.cn/acps/EN/Y2022/V54/I5/549

Abstracts & Extracts

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2008.02.004

https://asmepublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/medu.12947

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2013.10.013

https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.00032

https://press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691004129/normal-accidents?srsltid=AfmBOorMEgPZMJ-EM2pIOy_Mz1WhKd8IC6z_NGRBcycAgOP7Ktza7r5v

https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/M/bo3645893.html]

LinkedIn post: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/mini-compendium-power-safety-authority-gradients-ben-hutchinson-vttnc

#accident #authorityGradient #downwardVoice #elites #politics #power #powerGradient #psychologicalSafety #safety #safetyScience #speakingUpToPower #voice

2/2 You don't want to be the one attacking them...

But he also feels like it's below him having to even debate a woman.

And then, im not sure how much of all this is also due to her ethnic background.

I haven't watched the Hillary debates but there we would find the answer.

Most of his behavior comes from the supremacy complex. Be it white or male.

#weird #powergradient #genderstereotypes #masculinity #sexism #whitesupremacy #altright #presidentialdebate #oldwhitemansyndrome

1/2Trump can't handle talking with anybody on equal footing. All his interaction depends on a power gradient in his favor.
No power gradient usually means he attacks trying to establish himself on top of the pecking order.

Talking to a woman in such a setting must be particularly challenging for him. At the end of the day women in his world are damsels in distress.

#weird #powergradient #genderstereotypes #masculinity #sexism #whitesupremacy #altright #presidentialdebate