The #fungus #Clitocybe #nebularis (#Basidiomycota), also known as #cloudedagaric, is a #holarctic and often common #soildwelling #species, mostly found in open, nutrient-rich #forest #soils. It is occasionally #parasitized by the fungus #Volvariella #surrecta (Basidiomycota). C. Hears et al. (2013) point to its #antagonistic effect against phytopathogenic #oomycetes (Stramenopiles) species of the genus #Phytophthora.
©#StefanFWirth Saarland 2025

Ref
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/nr.2013.42025
#Photos
©S F. Wirth

The #redclover #Trifolium #pratense (#Faboideae) is a common #plant in Central Europe, growing on nutrient-rich #meadows. It is native to Europe, Western Asia, and Northwest Africa, but was introduced to North/South America a long time ago. It is #pollinated bumblebees/bees with long proboscis. It is #parasitized by, i.a., #seedweevils of the genus Tychius. A weevil of may be this taxon, is visible in my #photos. #Biodiversity

© #StefanFWirth #Berlin 2025

photos:

© S.F. Wirth, Berlin 2025

The #warmthloving #paperwasp #Polistes #dominula (Polistinae) was originally native to central/ southern Europe and Asia, but is increasingly spreading towards Scandinavia due to #globalwarming. In e.g. Australia and #NorthAmerica it occurs as #neozoan. 50 or more nest cells are created by one or several young #queens with the strongest subdueing its competitors. The wasp can be #parasitized by #Xenos #vesparum (#Strepsiptera).
© #StefanFWirth #Berlin 2025