undefined | Forest fires are spreading, a threat to plants and animals by Sweden Herald
Global warming is driving a surge in forest fires, and a new study from the University of Gothenburg shows that the impact on plants, fungi, and animals is far greater than previously understood. Higher average temperatures and altered weather patterns are drying soils and vegetation, extending fire seasons and pushing fires into regions that were once too cold, such as areas nearer the poles. In some locations, fire seasons could double in length, exposing more wildlife and plant life to danger.
The research, published in *Nature Climate Change*, used a UN‑IPCC emissions scenario combined with 13 climate models and machine‑learning techniques to forecast how longer fire seasons and larger burn areas will affect biodiversity. Around 84 % of species already vulnerable to forest fires are projected to face heightened risk by the end of the century, especially those with limited geographic ranges. In Scandinavia, species like the Alvar’s Wren and the Red‑footed Fern are highlighted as particularly threatened, while the most affected groups globally are concentrated in South America, South Asia, and Australia.
Under a moderate warming scenario of roughly 2.7 °C above pre‑industrial levels, the study estimates a 9.3 % increase in the global area burned by fires. Crucially, the authors emphasize that emission reductions can dramatically curb these risks: compared with a high‑emissions pathway, a moderate‑emissions future could slash the rise in species vulnerability to forest fires by more than 60 %. This underscores the importance of limiting greenhouse‑gas emissions to protect ecosystems from the escalating threat of wildfires.
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