📰 "Toxicity of emulsions, high and low energy nanoemulsions of orange essential oil and d-limonene to Drosophila suzukii, and selectivity to Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae"
https://doi.org/doi:10.1007/s13205-026-04833-9https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42146301/ #Drosophila #Larva #Pupa
Toxicity of emulsions, high and low energy nanoemulsions of orange essential oil and d-limonene to Drosophila suzukii, and selectivity to Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae - 3 Biotech
Sweet orange essential oil (Citrus sinensis) and its major component d-limonene were formulated as emulsions and low- and high-energy nanoemulsions and evaluated for toxicity against adults, larvae, and pupae of Drosophila suzukii, as well as for selectivity toward the pupal parasitoid Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae. High-energy nanoemulsions produced smaller and more homogeneous droplets (221–289 nm; PDI 0.210–0.255) compared with low-energy nanoemulsions (617–796 nm; PDI 0.548–0.644), indicating improved dispersion and potential stability. Toxicity assays revealed that the pure essential oil and d-limonene were the most toxic to adult D. suzukii (LC50 = 1.7 wt% and 0.54 wt%, respectively), followed by high-energy nanoemulsions, emulsions, and low-energy nanoemulsions. Although pure compounds showed slightly higher toxicity, high-energy nanoemulsions maintained comparable efficacy, suggesting improved delivery without major loss of activity. Larval mortality did not exceed 40% across treatments, whereas pupae were markedly more susceptible. High-energy nanoemulsions of both orange essential oil and d-limonene produced the highest pupal mortality (around 85%), followed by low-energy nanoemulsions (72–77.5%) and emulsions (50–75%). In addition, emulsified and nanoemulsified formulations induced developmental abnormalities in emerged adults, with malformation rates reaching 30%. Selectivity assays demonstrated low toxicity of all formulations to adult P. vindemmiae, with mortality generally below 20% and a negligible reduction of parasitism activity in most treatments. Overall, the formulation method strongly influenced physicochemical properties and insecticidal performance. High-energy nanoemulsions enhanced efficacy, particularly against pupae, while maintaining low toxicity to a key parasitoid. These findings indicate that nanoformulated citrus essential oils represent promising selective and environmentally compatible tools for integrated management of D. suzukii.
📰 "Octopamine receptors at a glance: from expression and anatomical maps to their role in development and behavior in the Drosophila melanogaster larva"
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.05.05.722892v1?rss=1 #DrosophilaMelanogaster #Drosophila #Behaviour #Adult #Larva #Pupa
Deep-tissue absolute force spectroscopy with sub-piconewton precision
Quantitative measurements performed directly in vivo are necessary to understand how forces shape living tissues, yet this remains challenging due to optical scattering and mechanical complexity. Here, we present a method for making absolute force measurements using nanoscopic optical tweezers with a sensitivity of 300 fN in optically turbid biological media. Our approach combines back focal plane interferometry operating within the optical memory effect regime with a global fluctuation-dissipation fitting framework that simultaneously calibrates position detection, trap stiffness, and viscoelastic response. This method overcomes aberration-induced biases by jointly fitting passive fluctuations and driven harmonic responses, enabling robust force reconstruction in thick, scattering tissues within the mechanically relevant frequency range below 300 Hz. We validate our approach using highly scattering Drosophila pupae and embryos, demonstrating reliable in vivo measurements of forces and mechanical properties. Operating at a 1 kHz acquisition bandwidth, the system captures relevant mechanical dynamics without requiring extended high-frequency detection. Using this framework, we quantify the increase in cortical tension during pupal morphogenesis, characterize tissue viscoelasticity, and reveal stage-dependent variations in nuclear membrane tension during embryogenesis, even in the presence of strong ATP-driven fluctuations. Beyond bulk measurements, our method enables the quantitative mechanical characterization of single cells within mechanically coupled tissues.
### Competing Interest Statement
The authors have declared no competing interest.
ANR, ANR-21-CE13-0012, ANR-22-CE42-0026
📰 "Organization and evolution of sex-biased gene expression in Drosophila adult sexual circuits"
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.02.28.708756v1?rss=1 #Drosophila #Evolution #Adult #Pupa📰 "Drosophila melanogaster Nepl15 regulates lifespan, motor function, aging, heart rate, and cellular health in a sex-specific manner"
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.02.20.707128v1?rss=1 #DrosophilaMelanogaster #Mitochondria #Drosophila #Fertility #Embryo #Adult #Pupa《山蛹》作品網站
PUPA – Official Site
《山蛹》 是一部帶有恐怖懸疑元素的原創漫畫，目前正在籌備中。
PUPA is an original manga with horror and suspense elements, currently in development.
https://pupa.mounpainter.com
#art #artwork #manga #oc #sketch #漫画 #オリジナル #原創 #山蛹 #PUPA
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Paula Borchardt
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