#FresnelLens -- not just for #Lighthouses!

#Solar #Desalination Using Fresnel Lens as Concentrated Solar Power Device: An Experimental Study in Tropical Climate

Wing Sum Choong, Zhi Yong Ho,. Rubina Bahar, 21 October 2020

"Solar desalination is a renewable energy-driven method that produces freshwater from saline/brackish water. Conventional solar desalination units are equipped with an inclined transparent condensing plate placed over a feedwater basin containing saline water. The process is limited to a small quantity of production because of scattered solar irradiation and the unavailability of solar heat due to intermittent cloudy weather. In this study, a Fresnel lens has been used to concentrate solar energy onto a spot to increase the local temperature of feedwater and the evaporation rate. Flat Fresnel lenses on a double sloped passive solar still were used, where the focal points were adjusted to fall directly on the feedwater. The experiments were conducted for two different geometries and alongside the comparison between the conventional and the modified solar still; the number of Fresnel lenses was also varied. Saline solution with a concentration of 20,000 ppm was used as the feedwater. The research is aimed to be implemented for producing freshwater in the natural weather conditions of #Malaysia. It was found that using two Fresnel lenses instead of a single large one gives a boost to the production of freshwater per unit solar irradiation by 39%. The produced water has a total dissolved solids (TDS) value of 37 ppm, which is well within the drinking water standard range according to the World Health Organization."

Conclusions

"This study was conducted as an initial investigation to observe the applicability of the #FlatFresnel lens as a cheap CSP device, which is conducted through experiments on different geometry solar stills varying the number of lenses. The study revealed that incorporating the Fresnel lens in tropical weather can enhance the overall production of distillate from a #SolarStill, although the location does not receive strong DNI. This study has opened up the possibility of further exploration in this field through more vigorous experiments. The findings can be summarized as:

1. Fresnel lens increases the total production from a solar still. The addition of Fresnel lenses increased the average and total production rate for different geometry solar stills.

2. Using multiple Fresnel lenses instead of a single one provides multiple hotspots and causes more evaporation of feedwater, thus leading to higher total production per total solar irradiation by 39%.

3. The increased length/width ratio caused significant improvement in production for all models, with the highest performance improvement of 41.8% for the Fresnel lens associated model."

Read more:
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/energy-research/articles/10.3389/fenrg.2020.565542/full

#SolarPunkSunday #SolarPower #Desalinization #SolarStills #SolarDesalinization #Desalinisation

#desalinization. Chemical engineers made the new portable device by mimicking two natural processes: Simple evaporation and condensation and the transport of water from plant roots to the leaves.

https://www.anthropocenemagazine.org/2024/09/novel-materials-plus-a-dash-of-sunlight-turn-saltwater-to-fresh/?utm_source=flipboard&utm_medium=activitypub

Posted into Human & Ecological Health @human-ecological-health-AnthropoceneMag

"Water purification via interfacial solar steam generation exhibits promising potential. However, salt crystallization on evaporators reduces solar absorption and obstructs water supply. To address it, a waffle-shaped solar evaporator (WSE) has been designed... WSE achieves spontaneous salt rejection and durable evaporation stability. It has demonstrated continuous operation for more than 60 days in brine without fouling."

#desalinization
https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/sciadv.adk1113?af=R

Water, water everywhere and now we may have drops to drink. #desalinization #climateSolutions #energy

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/01/240123122329.htm

The folks at #Wired did a bang-up job of explaining a very important advance in layman's terms. This explains how water moves through a #ReverseOsmosis membrane. It sounds arcane, but it's fundamental to how major areas of the world will be spared catastrophic levels of death due to #droughts.
A quick and worthwhile read. Excellent science journalism.

#Drought #Desalinization #ClimateCatastrophe #ClimateJustice #ClimateAction #Environment #ClimateCrisis

https://www.wired.com/story/everyone-was-wrong-about-reverse-osmosis-until-now/?bxid=5c48cf28fc942d047776d5da&cndid=55599542&esrc=bounceX&mbid=mbid%3DCRMWIR012019%0A%0A&source=Email_0_EDT_WIR_NEWSLETTER_0_DAILY_ZZ&utm_brand=wired&utm_campaign=aud-dev&utm_content=WIr_Daily_050823&utm_mailing=WIr_Daily_050823&utm_medium=email&utm_source=nl&utm_term=P4

Why desalination won’t save states dependent on Colorado River water

by Emma Newburger

https://www.cnbc.com/2023/01/27/why-desalination-wont-save-states-dependent-on-colorado-river-water.html

#desalination #desalinization #water

This is such a simple and elegant solution to #desalinization.

#science #invention #water

https://news.mit.edu/2022/solar-desalination-system-inexpensive-0214