Ocean Acidification: Understanding the Effects, Exploring the Solutions by Frédéric Gazeau & Fabrice Pernet, 2025
In this book, the authors answer ten key questions on the biogeochemical basis of #acidification, on past, current and future trends, on the impact on marine organisms and humans, and finally on remediation measures.
It draws its answers from fields as diverse as biogeochemistry, ecology, physiology, evolution, aquaculture and fisheries.
Introduction Improving human and planetary health is one of the most important challenges of the current century. Demand-side food policy strategies can be implemented to achieve this dual objective. To develop and implement policy measures effectively, it is essential to conduct upfront analyses that demonstrate their potential impact. Objective To explore the harmonised assessment of environmental impacts of national representative food consumption surveys using the MCRA software, and to demonstrate the framework by assessing the potential environmental impact of food policy strategies that aim to simultaneously improve human and planetary health. Methods Individual-level food consumption data from 11 European countries were used to evaluate current diets and the potential impact of demand-side food policy scenarios designed to reflect health and sustainability objectives. Dutch life-cycle assessment data were used to estimate six environmental impact indicators. Food composition data were applied to estimate protein intake. Food consumption, dietary environmental impacts, and protein intake were estimated and modelled using the MCRA (Monte-Carlo Risk Assessment) software for baseline and alternative scenarios. Results In the baseline scenarios, daily average GHG emissions ranged from 4.01 kg CO2-eq per person in Cyprus to 6.30 kg CO2-eq in France. Blue water consumption averaged between 104 L per person per day in the Czech Republic and 256 L in Italy. Across all countries, the environmental impact of diets specific to each country demonstrated potential reductions up to 55% in GHG emissions, land use, blue water consumption, and animal protein, and reductions up to 70% in freshwater and marine eutrophication, acidification, when meat intake was reduced and/or replaced by legumes or meat substitutes. Strategies such as replacing dairy with dairy substitutes, soft drinks with water, and limiting confectionery foods demonstrated less pronounced effects on environmental indicators, with reductions ranging from 1 to 11%. Strategies aimed at increasing fruit and vegetable consumption had adverse environmental effects, increasing environment impacts by up to 7% and blue water consumption by up to 14%. Conclusion Using the MCRA framework, this study demonstrates that harmonised assessment of current diets and the potential impacts of dietary scenarios can effectively inform policy development. Policies reducing animal food consumption and increasing plant-based intake offer the greatest environmental benefits, particularly when meat is substituted with plant-based alternatives. Implementation of coherent, multi-level policy instruments and tailored country-specific approaches will be essential for achieving both human and planetary health objectives.
#30DayMapChallenge day 20 (Water) with #RStats
The effect of #ClimateChange on sources of #radionuclides to the #MarineEnvironment
Published: 16 March 2024
Justin P. Gwynn, Vanessa Hatje, Núria Casacuberta, Manmohan Sarin & Iolanda Osvath
Abstract:
"Climate change interacts with the sources and cycling of contaminants, such as radionuclides, in the environment. In this review, we discuss the implications of climate change impacts on existing and potential future sources of radionuclides associated with human activities to the marine environment. The overall effect on operational releases of radionuclides from the nuclear and non-nuclear sectors will likely be increased interference or prevention of normal operations due to weather-related events. For certain #RadioactiveWaste dumped at sea and sunken #NuclearSubmarines, the impact of climate change and ocean #acidification on the release of radionuclides and their subsequent fate in the marine environment should be considered further. Fluxes from secondary sources of radionuclides in the marine and terrestrial environment and cryosphere will change in response to climate change impacts such as sea level rise, warming and changes in precipitation patterns. In addition, climate change impacts may increase the risk of releases of radionuclides from operational and legacy wastes on land to the marine environment. Overall, our synthesis highlights that there is a need to understand and assess climate change impacts on sources of radionuclides to the marine environment to meet environmental and management challenges under future climate scenarios."
Full paper:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-024-01241-w
#NoNukes #NoNuclearWeapons #NoNuclearDumping #ToxicLegacy #LegacyWastes #RethinkNotRestart #NuclearWaste #NuclearWasteStorage #IllegalDumping
Inputs of radionuclides to the marine environment will be impacted by climate change, thus there is a pressing need to understand the existing and potential sources of radionuclides to assess the implications of climate change impacts, suggests a literature synthesis of radionuclide sources.
D'après Loubet 2025, l'empreinte planétaire 👣🌍 des labos français est dominée par leurs #achats 🛒 pour les postes :
🏗️ #ArtificialisationDesSols
🌊 #Acidification des #océans
💧 Épuisement des ressources d'#EauDouce
🌫️ #Pollution par #particules
🧲 Epuisement des ressources minérales
💉 Toxicité humaine
🛢️ #ChangementClimatique / émissions de #GES (ça, on savait depuis De Paepe 2024)
https://zenodo.org/records/17187695
Pour baisser substantiellement l'#empreinteEcologique des labos, "acheter mieux" (SPASER,..) ne suffira pas: il faut "acheter moins"".
#10pourcent #Sobriete #Recherche #écoresponsable #ESR #Université #LimitesPlanetaires #Biodiversité #PollutionAtmospherique #Climat #MatièresPremières
The carbon footprint of research activities is becoming increasingly well-documented. However, the estimation of the environmental impacts of research beyond climate change remains scarce. As a result, it is difficult to assess the potential unintended consequences of climate change mitigation strategies. To address this problem, we collected activity data from a hundred research institutes in France and applied a hybrid life cycle assessment (LCA) method to estimate their impacts at the midpoint and endpoint level. As it happens for the carbon footprint (De Paepe et al., 2024), purchases dominate endpoint damages to human health and ecosystem quality, accounting for half of the damages in France. However, when extrapolating the data to carbon intensive mixes, electricity-associated damages equal or even exceed those of purchases. In addition to climate change, particulate matter, water availability and, possibly, human toxicity drive human health damages, and land occupation and acidification drive ecosystem quality impacts. Beyond these results, our methodology addresses the issues of hybridizing process-based and input-output-based LCA by comparing the inventory of emissions of the two methods. Finally, our analysis reveals that a decarbonization scenario combining five mitigation strategies reduces the per-capita carbon footprint by 29% (–2.2 t CO₂-eq). The most significant contribution comes from relocating purchases (–9.5%), followed by vehicle electrification (–8.6%), aviation reductions (–5.5%), and biomass heating (–5.3%), though the estimate for purchase relocation carries great uncertainty. In our model, this decarbonization scenario has a negative impact on just one midpoint indicator: land occupation biodiversity. Our work is thus a methodological contribution to organizational-LCA, provides a multicriteria estimate of the environmental impacts of French research and informs public decision-making on mitigation pathways for the research sector.
Acidification des océans : la limite est franchie
« L’acidification des océans, conséquence directe de l’excès de CO2 atmosphérique, menace les équilibres marins. Identifié au début du millénaire, ce phénomène continue de questionner la recherche : quels en sont les effets, comment les étudier, et peut-on encore inverser la tendance ? »
https://www.radiofrance.fr/franceculture/podcasts/la-science-cqfd/acidification-des-oceans-7424652
#LaScienceCQFD #acidification #oceans #ecologie #FranceCulture
L’acidification des océans, conséquence directe de l’excès de CO2 atmosphérique, menace les équilibres marins. Identifié au début du millénaire, ce phénomène continue de questionner la recherche : quels en sont les effets, comment les étudier, et peut-on encore inverser la tendance ?
Beef or reef ?
Habitat loss and fragmentation has been listed in a new report as one of the threats to Queensland's fauna and flora species. Widespread clearing in the Great Barrier Reef catchment.
'The latest Statewide Landcover and Trees Study (SLATS) found 147,705 hectares of land was cleared in Great Barrier Reef catchment, which made up 44 per cent of the state's total clearing activity in 2022–2023.'
'This was an increase from the previous report in 2021–2022 which found 143,683 hectares of forest and woodland was completely removed from the reef's catchment areas." >>
https://www.abc.net.au/news/2025-10-09/calls-for-stronger-action-queensland-great-barrier-reef-species/105867412
#biodiversity #conservation #GBR #reef #degradation #Queensland #LandClearing #meat #FossilFuels #pollution #heatwaves #ocean #acidification #tourism #UNESCO #extinction
The Queensland Conservation Council (QCC) has called out the LNP government for "not taking the environment seriously" with the number of flora and fauna species under threat on the rise.
Acidification des océans MaP#19
Bienvenue sur ma chaîne ! Pensez à vous abonner !
Vous pouvez me suivre sur Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/le.reveilleur
Ou sur Twitter: https://twitter.com/Le_Reveilleur
Cette fois, on parle d’une conséquence grave de nos émissions de CO2 qui n’est pas le changement climatique : l’acidification des océans. Ce phénomène, assez peu connu, va avoir un impact important sur les écosystèmes marins. L’idée de pouvoir voir disparaître les coraux en une génération est quand même assez frappante.
Si vous voulez comprendre comment le CO2 acidifie les océans ou l’impact que cela va avoir, vous êtes au bon endroit. (Au moins, ce phénomène présente l’avantage d’être moins remis en cause que le changement climatique).
Dossier complet (et en français) sur l’acidification des océans:
http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0022/002247/224724f.pdf
Communication du CNRS: http://www2.cnrs.fr/presse/communique/1660.htm
Dossier complet en anglais http://www.ucar.edu/communications/Final_acidification.pdf (dont est tiré le graphique sur le pH dans le passé et le futur p18)
(en) http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unep.org%2Fdewa%2Fpdf%2FEnvironmental_Consequences_of_Ocean_Acidification.pdf
Cycle du carbone:
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cycle_du_carbone
(synthèse) http://manicore.com/documentation/serre/puits.html
Chapitre long et complet du GIEC (en angalis) dont j’ai tiré la première illustration: http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar5/wg1/WG1AR5_Chapter06_FINAL.pdf
Quelques espèces menacées (avec des belles photos): http://photo.nationalgeographic.fr/passage-en-revue-des-especes-marines-menacees-par-l-acidification-des-oceans-2604#un-poisson-clown-confus-39550
Les cocolithes: http://www.plancton-du-monde.org/module-formation/coccolithes_03.html
Articles sur la disparition des coraux:
http://www.sciencesetavenir.fr/nature-environnement/20141126.OBS6172/l-acidification-des-oceans-nuit-bien-aux-coraux.html
http://www.lemonde.fr/biodiversite/article/2016/02/24/peril-acide-sur-les-coraux_4871066_1652692.html
Wikipédia:
Acidification des océans: https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acidification_des_oc%C3%A9ans
Les animaux filtreurs: https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microphagie_suspensivore
Corail: https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corail
Pour ceux qui aiment le technique, article scientifique en anglais sur l’acidification des océans http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2004JD005220/full
Dessins par Thomas Barrès
Arrière-plan composé d’illustrations parues dans Courrier Internationalhttp://www.courrierinternational.com/
earthling
indianflash
GES4SEAS MOOCs
Alexander J. Stein
milvus
DoomsdaysCW
10% / an
Rui Nibau (rnb)
NSW.Biodiversity
Snoopy