Phylogenetic Comparative Methods in R (Workshop 2023)

Biodiversity & Classification of Wasps, 1st Edition

Wasps are Earth's most exceptional animals. However, various impediments prevent the recognition of their true diversity and splendor. Biodiversity & Classification of Wasps, 1st Edition, 19 authors provide an updated overview of wasps (Hymenoptera: Apocrita, excluding Formicoidea and Anthophila) including morphology, identification, and classification in the most comprehensive 21st Century coverage of the order to date. This text was originally developed as part of the 2023 WaspID Course (https://WaspIDCourse.WordPress.com), but has been designed to function as a stand-alone resource. Planned updates for future editions include identification keys, expanded reference lists, and improved taxonomy in accordance with novel studies. Editors: Louis F. Nastasi, R. Luke Kresslein, Kendrick O. Fowler, & Sofía R. Fernández Flores. Chapters: Introduction to wasps. Louis F. Nastasi Taxonomy & phylogenetics. Louis F. Nastasi & R. Luke Kresslein Wasp morphology. Codey L. Mathis & Louis F. Nastasi Ecology of parasitoid Hymenoptera. Charles K. Davis, Louis F. Nastasi, & Jessica Awad Collecting and rearing wasps. Kendrick O. Fowler, Jessica Awad, Sloan Tomlinson, & Louis F. Nastasi Preserving wasps. Tyler Kelly, Louis F. Nastasi, R. Luke Kresslein, & Kendrick O. Fowler Superfamily Ichneumonoidea. Abigail P. Martens & Davide Dal Pos Superfamily Ceraphronoidea. Tobias Salden Superfamily Proctotrupoidea. Nathaniel Green Superfamily Diaprioidea. Kendrick O. Fowler Superfamilies Chalcidoidea & Mymarommatoidea. R. Luke Kresslein, Alana McClelland, Sofía R. Fernández Flores, & Y. Miles Zhang Superfamily Platygastroidea. Jessica Awad Superfamily Cynipoidea. Louis F. Nastasi Superfamily Evanioidea. Ben Parslow Superfamilies Stephanoidea, Megalyroidea, & Trigonaloidea. Zachary Griebenow Superfamily Chrysidoidea. Michael Skvarla Superfamily Vespoidea. Chris Alice Kratzer Superfamilies Pompiloidea, Scolioidea, Thynnoidea, & Tiphioidea. Sloan Tomlinson Superfamily Apoidea. Sloan Tomlinson The original text of this work is made publicly available via a CC BY-NC-SA license, which permits modification of this work only in non-commercial contexts wherein the original work is properly credited and the resulting work is made available under a compatible license. Images and other content used herein are subject to their own respective licenses and are included in this work either by appropriate use of said license, through express permission granted by the content owner, or through an alternative applicable arrangement. Suggestions and other comments may be reported here: https://forms.gle/YC52AKEDvMWNwPvq6 This textbook is an open-access work produced as part of the 2023 WaspID Course.