Subject: Autistic ‘black and white’ thinking.

It's framed as a deficit often seen in autism, but... is it that simple?  

Autistic people are traditionally criticized for our inflexibility, or cognitive rigidity.

But I think this isn’t the whole picture.

To start with what we know, here are ten things we autistic people generally have in common (refs at the end of the thread):

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#Autism #Neurodivergent #ActuallyAutistic #AuDHD #Neurodiversity

1. Autistic people like to base our positions and decisions on data.

2. We’re into justice, and fairness.

3. And logic (which is, I feel, a good strategy for bringing about more fairness).

4. We're not comfortable trusting reassurances without evidence.

5. We like clarity. Lack of clarity can make us anxious.

6. We think probabilistically / statistically.

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7. We can be a bit like pattern-seeking missiles.

8. When new evidence comes to light, we’re generally adaptable – even if it takes a minute.

9. That said, we may dig in our heels about things (like change) when we’re anxious or scared.

10. We like gathering data, and interactions that are a true exchange of information.

But none of this amounts to cognitive rigidity or ‘black and white’ thinking 🤔

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Probability patterns (based upon data) are many shades of grey.

Not black or white.

I’m starting to think the ‘rigidity’ thing may be down to a misunderstanding?

I’m sometimes told I’m being ‘black and white’ when I point at a logical inconsistency in someone’s reasoning.

I don’t want to be annoying, but I like clarity in parameters and definitions… or else (stands to reason) we’ll never see each other’s points of view!

And, sometimes, people don’t like this 🤨

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Ok, I can see why school management doesn’t like it – e.g. in a public consultation when they’re pushing through a policy that goes against the kids and parents, while justifying it with arguments that are a) logically inconsistent, and b) funnily, involve them taking no responsibility.

I’m also told I’m bad at ‘just trusting’ – that I’m suspicious.

“But,” I protest, “it’s just that I like evidence. Um – where’s the data, please?”

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#Data #Clarity #ActuallyAutistic

Zooming in here…

And dividing this into 4 strands (I know: very autistic 😊 ):

1. Clarity vs rigidity;
2. Probabilistic vs local thinking;
3. Cognitive vs social uncertainty;
4. Are we right not to ‘just trust’?

And addressing them one by one:

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1: Clarity vs rigidity.

Clarity is about:
- Explicit parameters
- Defined variables
- Stated assumptions
- Predictable processes

Rigidity is about:
- Refusal to update
- Low tolerance for model revision
- Over-attachment to a rule regardless of new evidence

A probabilistic thinker can be extremely non-rigid, while still demanding clarity.

In fact, probability thinking requires flexibility.

You constantly update priors when new data arrives. That’s Bayesian, not rigid 🥰

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2: Probability thinking and autism.

There’s growing discussion in cognitive science that many autistic people:
- Prefer system-level pattern detection
- Track contingencies more explicitly
- Think in conditional structures (“if X, then Y”)
- Notice statistical irregularities

That isn’t black-and-white thinking.
That’s model-based reasoning.

If anything, it can tolerate uncertainty better, because uncertainty is explicitly modeled rather than socially smoothed over.

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3: Conceptual vs social uncertainty.

Many autistic people seem to tolerate:
- Conceptual ambiguity
- Abstract uncertainty
- Complex models
- Open-ended questions

But we do struggle with:
- Unstated social rules
- Hidden expectations
- Implicit hierarchy shifts
- Unpredictable human behavior

So the discomfort isn’t with uncertainty per se. It’s with unmodeled variables.

Which ties in with discomfort with social reassurance, e.g. with trusting “everything will be fine.”

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4: Are we right not to ‘just trust’?

Many neurotypical social systems run on:
- Emotional smoothing
- Implicit trust
- Status-based reassurance
- Norm enforcement through vibe rather than data

If you’ve repeatedly experienced (and many autistic people have; refs at the end):
- Broken promises
- Social insecurity and unpredictability
- Rule inconsistencies and injustices

Then vague reassurance doesn’t reduce uncertainty – it increases it!

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So the demand for clarity isn’t rigidity.
It’s risk management.

Even if sometimes, due to habituation and chronic distress, I think we may ‘bunker in’ and be quite frustratingly intransigent, e.g. in human interactions.

But that may be more a question of ‘once bitten, twice shy’ rather than anything intrinsic to us.

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#Autism #Anxiety #RiskManagement

I think we autistics might know all this in our bones. In our hearts. Somewhere, anyway… but usually on an instinctive level.

Even if we’re not aware of our reasons or motivations, and instead struggle with shame and self-doubt (just as we’re encouraged and socialized to do).

But… clarity is the enemy of oppression!

It replaces confusion with transparency. It throws light on the landscape 🔦

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#PowerDynamics #SocialHierarchies #EpistemicInjustice

I think our bones are right.

In fact, I think embracing a reasoning style based on data, patterns, and probability could be a huge bonus for everyone.

As – objectively speaking – it could pave the road for authenticity, equity, and justice to replace former murkiness, power plays, and empty promises.

End of 🧵

References below 👇

@KatyElphinstone I am glad to hear I am not the only autistic person who thinks this way. I thought that all autistic people did, until recently I picked up a book of Greta Thunberg speeches, and I was confused when the second speech said, "I have Asperger's syndrome, and to me, almost everything is black or white." I thought back to when I was living with my parents, and they would get annoyed at me for saying things like, "I think its important to acknowledge that while that's effectively true in this case, it isn't technically the truth, and would lead to the wrong decision in some cases." Like, what could be more grey lol.

@jessica

I've also wondered about Greta Thunberg saying that.

I think what she maybe means is that there's clarity on things, for her. Which would make what she's saying pretty similar to what's laid out here. She's probably been accused many times of being "black and white" because of it.

@KatyElphinstone @jessica I tend to think I get black and white around principles, specifically, where allistics are happy to compromise / turn a blind eye.