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I've looked at these for a couple of months now from very very close. Fonts are code and the nature of code is that it's never perfect.
It had to be done, as the Garamond I wanted just didn't exist. Started feeling a bit weird after three months working on variable cap height regular, bold, 2 italics, and bold italics like a madman, so I brought it to a close. Two weeks ago, I read how Jony Ive spent the last 4 years on his Baskerville with a group of type specialists, and I went: "Ha!" https://www.fastcompany.com/90888571/jony-ive-spent-the-last-4-years-perfecting-his-typeface-heres-why-hell-never-be-done
We always deal with interpretations of music, and we always deal with interpretations of typefaces (printed, processed on different screens). Pure form, whether it's a triangle or a Garamond a only exists in our mind. A lot of the early Garamonds were photocopying the shape of the metal, ignoring both the nature of print and the the nature of the screen. That's one reason why early digital typefaces were lacking soul. Studying Garamond's original prints, f.i., is like reading sheet music.
@reichenstein Started writing a note after reading your first post. I couldn’t agree more, obviously… 😁
@reichenstein Early digital versions of “classics” were mostly based on master drawings for photo composition. These drawings were decades earlier usually based on prints of the largest sizes in metal. So they were already copies of copies. Adding insult to injury, early digital fonts were often digitised very hastily too in order to quickly fill the market gap.
@paulvanderlaan I see, I thought they simply transposed the shape in metal which would explain why most of them are so thin. I thought, yeah, "Metal is always thinner than the inked in letter and surrounding white light makes the letter look even thinner than the inked one". But being copies of copies and the hurry in which they were produced explains it even better. Thank you for the explanation!
@reichenstein The large sizes in metal type that were used for the transition to photo composition were usually high in contrast with thin details. That’s the main reason why early digital fonts have become so skinny.
@paulvanderlaan I see. That's exactly what they look like.
@reichenstein @paulvanderlaan And some copied the relatively crude unit-isation from photo/metal as well.
@klim @reichenstein I’ve heard similar stories how the 18 unit system can be found back in some digital Monotype fonts but never found any examples.
@reichenstein @paulvanderlaan @klim Some time ago, @jenskutilek wrote some sort of app that analyzes fonts and reports how many widths they have. If I recall correctly, he could tell which fonts were still based on the 54-units system used by Linotype‘s phototypesetters
@typeoff @reichenstein @paulvanderlaan @klim That's right. Some are even on the older 18 unit spacing grid. Once a font has been published, the spacing was unlikely to be changed, except for the "Next", "Nova", etc. reworked versions. This is an example of Stempel Garamond LT, where only the J and punctuation seem to have been adjusted. (I wanted to check a newer version of the font, but apparently MyFonts don't even sell Stempel Garamond anymore ...)
@typeoff @reichenstein @paulvanderlaan @klim Ah, I forgot, later I made an interactive RoboFont window from the script, where you could switch between different unitization systems.
RoboFont/Histogram.py at master · jenskutilek/RoboFont

RoboFont extensions and scripts. Contribute to jenskutilek/RoboFont development by creating an account on GitHub.

GitHub
@klim @reichenstein @paulvanderlaan Also some years ago, @BijouType mentioned which Monotype fonts still have the 18-unit system traceable in their digital versions, but I can’t find the email now 😭
@typeoff @klim @reichenstein @paulvanderlaan Monotype Modern and Monotype Grotesque are basically untouched, in regards to spacing
@typeoff @klim @reichenstein @paulvanderlaan There are probably others, if you poke around the other digitized versions of Monotype families first manufactured before the 1960s — especially the ones that never became too popular as digital families. Paul’s account of how digitizations were done is exactly how Robin Nicholas explained it to me, with one corollary: some of the less popular families had better conversions, because they were a lower priority and were less rushed.
@BijouType @typeoff @klim @paulvanderlaan Amazing to be connected to type professionals like you all. It's not easy to find such precise information about how exactly digital type came to be (Dan: "can't find that email, but..."). It's also a bit scary, obviously. 😌
@reichenstein @paulvanderlaan @typeoff @BijouType @klim If you want really weird holiday Lektüre, I recommend the books by Peter Karow, for instance Digitale Schriften https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Karow 🥳
Peter Karow - Wikipedia

@kupfers @paulvanderlaan @typeoff @BijouType @klim Thank you! I'm all for really weird holiday Lektüren of that kind.
@reichenstein @klim @paulvanderlaan @typeoff @BijouType System Helvetica also still had the phototype unit system spacing (perhaps updated since 2012 or when @nicksherman and I made the NHG site for Font Bureau) https://designmodo.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Neue-Haas-Grotesk.jpg (his illustration but website now offline)
@kupfers @reichenstein @typeoff @BijouType @paulvanderlaan @nicksherman Were Sabon’s Roman/Italic duplexed onto widths?
@klim @kupfers @reichenstein @typeoff @BijouType @paulvanderlaan @nicksherman yes – working across Mono / Lino / cold metal was Sabon’s original design prompt
@klim @kupfers @reichenstein @typeoff @BijouType @paulvanderlaan @nicksherman possibly bold too iirc. One of the great achievements.
@nicksherman @kupfers @kai @paulvanderlaan @typeoff @BijouType @reichenstein There ya go Oliver — that’s probably why Sabon italic is wider than most garalde italics ✌️
@klim @nicksherman @kupfers @kai @paulvanderlaan @typeoff @BijouType That I knew. Aesthetically the text image ("Schriftbild") may be a bit irritating, I nevertheless like how readable the wider spaced Sabon italics are, compared to the traditional—intentionally space saving—designs. Italics are not used to save space anymore, so I guess we can give them more room, now, independent of printing technology requirements. 😊
Neue Haas Grotesk — Features

The digital version of Helvetica that everyone knows and uses today is quite different from the typeface’s pre-digital design from 1957. Originally released as Neue Haas Grotesk, many of the features that made it a Modernist favorite have been lost in translation over the years from one typesetting technology to the next.

@reichenstein @BijouType @paulvanderlaan @typeoff Which is kinda amazing. Comparing digital (bad) to metal (good) Plantin is instructive, they’re like two different typefaces. But that doesn’t seem to have stopped people from using digi Plantin — the name carries weight regardless.
@BijouType @typeoff @klim @reichenstein @paulvanderlaan Indeed Neue Kabel revived by Marc Schütz or Classic Grotesque by Rod McDonald seem way less hasty than for instance Helvetica Now, the 2019 release – worst possible time ever as MT was then withdrawn from NASDAQ
@reichenstein It’s not like reading sheet music Oliver. Sheet music was written with the express purpose of being interpreted.
@kai 🤣 You mean Garamond did not create his fonts primarily to be studied by Webdesigners trying to find out what his idea was so they could adapt them to small screens? And Achilles didn't fight like a lion because lions don't fight to get Helena back, but for survival? It's the nature of an analogy that there are difference between two things that are compared. You can wag your index at the most obvious anology by refocusing on the difference instead of the similarity, Kai.