Giuseppe MichieliSep 16, 2024

Multifaceted #activation of #STING axis upon #Nipah and #measles virus-induced #syncytia formation https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1012569

These results contribute to improve our understanding about NiV and MeV immunopathogenesis and provide potential paths for alternative therapeutic strategies.

Multifaceted activation of STING axis upon Nipah and measles virus-induced syncytia formation

Author summary Viruses belonging to Paramyxoviridae family, such as Nipah and measles virus, represent a threat for public health due to recurring zoonotic spillover events or increasing epidemic episodes, respectively. In our previous work, we demonstrated the involvement of the DNA-sensing cGAS/STING axis of innate immunity in the control of Nipah and measles virus infections. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of STING activation by these RNA viruses remained obscure. Here, we show first that STING regulates Nipah virus infection in vivo and is activated both canonically and non-canonically by cGAS and IFI16 DNA sensors; respectively, during Paramyxovirus infections. Moreover, we describe that syncytia formation caused by both Nipah and measles viruses perpetrate mitochondrial perturbation, thus responsible for the leakage of DNA. Globally, we linked the events demonstrating that viral-induced syncytia formation triggers the leakage of mitochondrial DNA in the cytoplasm and its further sensing by cGAS and IFI16.

Giuseppe MichieliSep 9, 2024

#SARS-CoV-2 #Variants from Long-Term, Persistently Infected Immunocompromised Patients Have Altered #Syncytia Formation, Temperature-Dependent Replication, & Serum Neutralizing #Antibody #Escape, Viruses: https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/9/1436

Isolates from an individual who never mounted an antibody response despite administration of convalescent plasma showed slight reductions in plaque size & some showed temperature-dependent replication attenuation...

SARS-CoV-2 Variants from Long-Term, Persistently Infected Immunocompromised Patients Have Altered Syncytia Formation, Temperature-Dependent Replication, and Serum Neutralizing Antibody Escape

SARS-CoV-2 infection of immunocompromised individuals often leads to prolonged detection of viral RNA and infectious virus in nasal specimens, presumably due to the lack of induction of an appropriate adaptive immune response. Mutations identified in virus sequences obtained from persistently infected patients bear signatures of immune evasion and have some overlap with sequences present in variants of concern. We characterized virus isolates obtained greater than 100 days after the initial COVID-19 diagnosis from two COVID-19 patients undergoing immunosuppressive cancer therapy, wand compared them to an isolate from the start of the infection. Isolates from an individual who never mounted an antibody response specific to SARS-CoV-2 despite the administration of convalescent plasma showed slight reductions in plaque size and some showed temperature-dependent replication attenuation on human nasal epithelial cell culture compared to the virus that initiated infection. An isolate from another patient—who did mount a SARS-CoV-2 IgM response—showed temperature-dependent changes in plaque size as well as increased syncytia formation and escape from serum-neutralizing antibodies. Our results indicate that not all virus isolates from immunocompromised COVID-19 patients display clear signs of phenotypic change, but increased attention should be paid to monitoring virus evolution in this patient population.

MDPI
Kara FinanceFeb 27, 2024

Word Search Puzzle 436

Word List : #thorax #athanor #stewing #adobos #hackneys #copiopia #atonal #deftness #subarid #lichis #temperer #spivving #creative #generall #pearl #cromorna #syncytia #corbie

http://karafinance.com/2024/02/27/word-search-puzzle-436/

Word Search Puzzle 436

Word List : #thorax #athanor #stewing #adobos #hackneys #copiopia #atonal #deftness #subarid #lichis #temperer #spivving #creative #generall #pearl #cromorna #syncytia #corbie

Kara Finance
J.H.NoyesAug 3, 2023

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8509258/

And what happens when two cells in a shared microenvironment display similar injuries? I doubt the actin-facing repair mechanisms are sophisticated enough to distinguish injury signals from their own cell from those of a similar cell nearby.

#CovidPathogenesis
#Syncytia
#Actin
#ActinBridges
#Filiopedia

Actin Cytoskeletal Dynamics in Single-Cell Wound Repair

The plasma membrane protects the eukaryotic cell from its surroundings and is essential for cell viability; thus, it is crucial that membrane disruptions are repaired quickly to prevent immediate dyshomeostasis and cell death. Accordingly, cells have ...

PubMed Central (PMC)