Topology in real life!
"Perhaps the coolest application of the #HairyBallTheorem concerns nuclear fusion power."
"There’s a fundamental engineering hurdle when building fusion reactors: How do you contain plasma that’s 10 times hotter than the sun’s core? No material can withstand that temperature without disintegrating into plasma itself. So scientists have devised a clever solution: they exploit plasma’s magnetic properties to confine it within a strong magnetic field. The most natural container designs (think boxes or canisters) are all topologically equivalent to spheres. A magnetic field around any of these structures would form a continuous tangent vector field, and at this point we know what befalls such hairy constructions. A zero in the magnetic field means a leak in the container, which spells disaster for the whole reactor. This is why the leading design for fusion reactors, the tokamak, has a doughnut-shaped chamber. The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) megaproject plans to finish construction of a new tokamak in France by 2025, and those involved claim their magnetic confinement system will be “the largest and most integrated superconducting magnet system ever built.”
"That’s #topology playing its part in our clean energy future."
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-is-the-future-of-fusion-energy/
Image: This sphere is covered in small lines resembling hairs that are all combed in the same direction. Tufts on either side demonstrate the hairy ball theorem. Credit: Buckyball Design