Clans to Classes: How the Soviets Built Kazakhstan

Interesting--in this time of increasingly "lone" and solitary "privatization," so called--to recall the history of collectivization and its perennial importance in many financial instruments such as insurance.
1700s Scotland
https://www.sfe.org.uk/financial-services-in-scotland
#Insurance #Joint_Stock #Collectivization #Socialization #Finance #Privatization #Individualism #Private_Ownership #Single_Payer #NHS #Big_Pharma #Big_Bills
Financial services in Scotland dates back to the enlightenment period. Banking was growing rapidly in many European cities as traders and merchants looked to finance new ventures in the Americas and aristocrats and financiers looked to benefit from this burgeoning realm of trade.