William Hammond

@wmhammond
244 Followers
116 Following
52 Posts
(he/him) Assistant professor of plant #EcoPhys at the University of Florida.
Studying #PlantDeath in the #Anthropocene and #WhatKillsTrees
Lab Websitehttps://ecophyslab.com
Twitterhttps://twitter.com/wmhammond
Xylem Functional Traits Databasehttps://xylemfunctionaltraits.org
Global Tree Mortality Databasehttps://tree-mortality.net
This is a nice thorough review of US higher ed costs, tuition through 20th c, and competing economic theories of drivers of escalation of those across sectors. Some aspects missing (health ins cost? access of higher ed to broader population), but interesting stats to ponder and incorporates cuts in appropriation, tuition discounting, and the contours of debt, some of which may surprise you. https://www.insidehighered.com/views/2022/12/19/why-production-cost-and-resentment-rising-opinion
Why production cost and resentment is rising (opinion) | Inside Higher Ed

The reasons why higher ed costs so much to produce also explain why historical esteem for higher education has shifted to resentment, write Bruce A. Kimball and Sarah M. Iler.

7. My colleagues at #NationalGeographic pulled out all of the stops to make this #climatechange issue something truly educational and beautiful. There is so much in there to unpack.

See our entire #forest #journalism package online here:

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/issue/may-2022

May 2022 Issue

National Geographic stories take you on a journey that's always enlightening, often surprising and unfailingly fascinating. This month–saving forests.

National Geographic
Sunset over Bear Sign Canyon and Sedona, Arizona. 
Taken with 4X5 large format, Velvia slide film. 
#photography #landscapephotography #naturephotography #nature #arizona #sedona #sedonaphotography #largeformatphotography #travel #hiking #sunsets

#Pines not always have straight trunk! Sometimes you find some individuals with funny shapes (left), but the one I found yesterday was exceptional (right), with a 360 degrees loop! What would make this tree to do that loop? Have you ever seen acrobatic trees like this?

Bejis, E Spain (they both are in a #burnt #forest, my "preferred" habitat 😀 )
#Pinus #curiosity #nature #IFBejis

It's always exciting when something to do with plants ends up on a "best of" list
https://cell.substack.com/p/biology-breakthroughs-2022
Number 4 on the list of "Biology Breakthroughs of 2022" is the work of Brophy et al. (Science, 2022) https://www.science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abo4326 "Synthetic genetic circuits as a means of reprogramming plant roots."
🧬 🌱
#PlantScience
@plantscience
Biology Breakthroughs of 2022

Notable papers from the last year, according to some guy on the internet.

Codon
Less than one year ago, the Marshall Fire destroyed >1000 homes, costing half a billion $ in damage. Yesterday, I was evacuated from my home due to the #sunshinefire. We were lucky this time but it’s clear there is no #wildfire season in #Boulder #Colorado anymore. #climate #climatechange

A very important new paper by Calders et al., which uses 3D laser measurements to identify systematic underestimations of tree biomass by allometric models

https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2688-8319.12197

#forestry #ecology #climatechange

5. And yet — AND YET — we also are not accounting for this when using forests as #carbonoffsets.

A multibillion-dollar industry has cropped up allowing polluters to pay to "offset" their carbon emissions by protecting or growing trees.

But what happens as those trees face drought, fire and insects? Well, our exclusive story showed that the #California agency that oversees the world's biggest offset program was not coming even close to accounting for those losses.

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/forests-as-carbon-offsets-climate-change-has-other-plans

Polluters are using forests as ‘carbon offsets.’ Climate change has other plans.

Billions of dollars hinge on forests soaking up CO2 for decades to come. What happens when drought and fire kill the trees?

National Geographic

4. It's happening everywhere.

In 5 yrs #drought and insects killed more #spruce across #Europe than anytime in modern history.

In #Siberia, #fires burned 21 million acres in 2021—4x more than usual. Some forests are now grasslands.

In 2 years, up to 19% of all California sequoias—some alive since the reign of Julius Caesar—died in fires.

How is this happening? Heat and drought is sucking moisture from plants, pushing them past thresholds they've never experienced. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/graphics/an-illustrated-guide-to-how-heat-and-drought-are-killing-trees

An illustrated guide to how heat and drought are killing trees

Trees worldwide are being hit with a cascade of pressures. See how threats from drought and pests to rising sea levels are taking their toll on trees.

National Geographic

3. For example, Camille Stevens-Rumann, a #forest #ecologist, examined 1,485 sites from 52 fires in Colorado, Idaho, Montana + Washington.

Nearly 1/3 that burned since the yr 2000 aren’t coming back.

“And by ‘not recovering,’ I mean not a single tree—not one,” she said.

And here's the thing: Mass #tree deaths can shift forests that have survived since the last ice age to entirely new states.

And yet #IPCC models still can't accurately predict how often or fast that may happen.