Brad Watmuff

@bradgy
208 Followers
269 Following
41 Posts
Stem cells, neuroscience, bioinformatics
WhereMelbourne, AU
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Melbourne start-up launches 'biological computer' made of human brain cells

In 2022, a Melbourne start-up announced they’d taught neurons in a dish to play Pong. Now, they’re selling a "biological computer" made of thousands of human neurons.

ABC News

Check out this preprint. We developed a method that allows for the longterm preservation of brain organoids. #organoids #brain #stemcells #universityofmichigan

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.04.08.647634v1

Cryopreservation of Human Cortical Organoids Using Vitrification

Cryopreservation at ultra-low temperatures is a valuable tool for preserving cells and tissues used in research. However, few protocols exist for the preservation of brain organoid models. Current methods for preserving human cortical organoids (hCOs) rely on conventional slow cooling approaches with organoids suspended in a medium containing a cocktail of cryoprotectants. In contrast, we have optimized a vitrification technique previously used to cryopreserve human embryos and oocytes for application to hCOs. We have successfully cryopreserved hCOs that were generated by two different protocols. The vitrified organoids demonstrate a growth rate, cytoarchitecture, cell type composition and electrical activity comparable to non-vitrified controls. Our hCO cryopreservation method provides a useful alternative approach for bio-banking and cross-institutional collaboration using cortical organoids as their model system. Highlights Motivation Many methods of cryopreservation have been developed for the maintenance of cell lines, organoid models and tissues. Most organoid models have been successfully preserved using conventional slow-cooling methods; however, human cortical organoids have been difficult to preserve. Our findings demonstrate that the vitrification of cortical organoids preserves their structure, cell type diversity and function upon rewarming and continued culture. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.

bioRxiv
Hey Braincells, Fancy a Game of Pong?

Tiny neurons, big ideas β€” a story about the future of thinking 🧠 Neurons playing Pong? In a dish?Scientists are building brain-powered computers.#FutureOfComputing #Neuroscience #Pong #computers #future

Rupert’s Substack

We used NGN2-reprogrammed iPSC neurons with glutamatergic hyperactivity and tested phenytoin, perampanel, and carbamazepine.

Read the full paper here πŸ‘‡
πŸ“„ Communications Biology
πŸ”— http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-025-08194-6

#Neurotech #SBI #DrugDiscovery #Epilepsy #Organoids #BrainOnAChip #stemcells #bioinformatics #invitromodeling

This shows how DishBrain-like systems could:

go beyond rodent models

reduce reliance on spontaneous activity alone

offer functional assays for epilepsy and beyond

An early proof that SBI systems can support pharmacological discovery.

πŸ”— http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-025-08194-6

Traditional readouts miss the bigger picture.

By measuring:

bursting states

criticality (DCC, BR, SC error)

dynamic functional connectivity

…we captured richer, drug-specific neural responses that align with known mechanisms.

πŸ”— http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-025-08194-6

Only inhibitory compounds (not all ASMs) improved gameplay.

πŸ“‰ Spontaneous hyperactivity dropped
πŸ“ˆ Performance during gameplay improved
🧩 Suggesting a link between glutamatergic modulation and goal-directed information processing.

πŸ”— http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-025-08194-6

Neural cultures played a simplified Pong game.

Without intervention, hyperactive cultures performed poorly.
πŸ’Š After carbamazepine:
βœ… Longer rallies
βœ… Higher hit/miss ratios
βœ… Fewer aces

Structured stimulation reveals functional improvement.

πŸ”—http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-025-08194-6

Preclinical models rarely test how drugs affect goal-directed neural behavior.

Using DishBrain, we show how epilepsy-linked hyperactivity in human iPSC neurons affects gameplay β€” and how compounds like carbamazepine restore function.

πŸ”—http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-025-08194-6

πŸŽ‰ Our latest study is out in Communications Biology!

We show that anti-seizure medications can modulate both electrophysiological activity and information processing performance in a structured, closed-loop neural microphysiological system (DishBrain).

πŸ”— http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-025-08194-6