Well, if I recall, Graeber said in his book on Debt that historically, societies had many different customs for trading between tribes, but only when someone had been wronged was strict accounting required. Even then, how many head of cattle is worth a lost brother? Only on creation of empires (such as the Persian empire) did money and markets come into play, since before that no one could enforce the value of that money. Or needed to.
So you were not free to buy what you wanted, or sell what you wanted. It was something your tribe or clan decided. With markets (and Persian bazaars) that freedom came to Europe and with it the swift acceleration of learning and technology that we call the Italian Rennaissance.
(You know, unless you were a slave in the colonies.)
That is the freedom that was gained, according to Graeber at least, so I assumed that's what you're talking about.
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