Happy #BlackHistoryMonth !

I hope to get to Black history soon, but I'm still working through white US history. There's so much of it!

Q: Why are Black people in the US so much more likely to die in traffic accidents than white people? Are Black folk more likely to drive under the influence of alcohol or drugs (DUI)? Is it street racing? Are y'all just bad drivers?

A: Hmm. I'm stumped! No one knows the answer to why this happens! Just kidding. It's racism. It's always racism.

1/N

#BlackMastodon

A big portion of US traffic deaths are "SUV vs anything." "Anything" can be a smaller car, a cyclist, or a pedestrian.

Because of the systemically racist way that US infrastructure has been built, "SUV vs pedestrian" strikes are disproportionately likely to involve a white driver and Black child pedestrian. White SUVs drive in places where Black kids walk.

SUVs versus cyclists doesn't get much better. Again, this is an issue that affects Americans of all colors. But lack of safe cycling infrastructure means that places where Black people bike, tend to be significantly more dangerous than places where white people bike.

Per mile traveled, a Black cyclist is 4.5 times more likely to be killed than a white cyclist.

https://www.ajpmonline.org/article/S0749-3797(22)00155-6/fulltext

But what about DUIs? Drunk drivers are bad and should be stopped. DUI checkpoints are an invasion of privacy, but at least they're effective at catching drunk drivers, right?

1. DUI checkpoints are supposed to catch drunk drivers
2. Black drivers are *less* likely to be DUI than white drivers🙃
3. But DUI checkpoints are run by cops, who are incentivized to arrest Black people
4. So DUI checkpoints are disproportionately located in Black neighborhoods 🤦🏿‍♂️
5. So they catch very few drunk drivers.🤡

In Chicago, fewer than 4% of DUI checkpoints are in majority white neighborhoods, but 25% of drunk driving accidents are in white neighborhoods. 🙂🙃

In California, fewer than 1% of drunk driving arrests come from checkpoints.🤦🏿‍♂️

Cops are using DUI checkpoints as an excuse to stop Black drivers, then searching them and arresting them for other things. Because policing in America. Because racism.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1745-9133.12558

And Black drivers that survive a bad crash, are often concussed and disoriented. First responders to a crash, are often police. I don't need to go much further into explaining what happens when an injured Black driver needing assistance encounters a typical cop, other than to say the motorist is as likely to get a taser as a tourniquet.

🤔 Maybe we should try making cops second responders instead of first responders...

There are several horrific incidents of "racist person gets really drunk and intentionally runs over Black children." Each one of these is awful, but fortunately, this isn't a widespread phenomenon. But... Some racist politicians want it to be. Seriously.

Several states recently passed laws decriminalizing driving a car into a crowd of "rioting" people and running them over.

No, I am not joking.

Florida passed their version of the law along with a change describing a riot as 3 people. Truly evil stuff.

https://www.vox.com/2021/4/25/22367019/gop-laws-oklahoma-iowa-florida-floyd-blm-protests-police

Similar laws have passed in several states with racist state legislatures. These laws were largely passed in a backlash response to Black Lives Matter protests.

In Oklahoma, Florida, and other states, Republicans are passing laws that make it easier to run over proteste…

GOP lawmakers are responding to Black Lives Matter protests with anti-protest bills.

Vox

There aren't that many intentional racists trying to run over Black kids. Each incident is terrible, but fortunately, they are extremely rare. Unfortunately, there are very many unintentionally racist people buzzing Black people in crosswalks.

White drivers in the US are *seven times* more likely to buzz past a Black pedestrian in the crosswalk than a white pedestrian. Sometimes this goes horribly wrong. Sometimes what looks like one pedestrian, is two pedestrians.

https://www.chicagotribune.com/nation-world/ct-pedestrians-race-20170322-story.html

Study: drivers less likely to brake for African American pedestrians

A new study appears to offer additional evidence that drivers are less likely to brake for African-American pedestrians trying to cross the street.

Chicago Tribune

"But won't self driving cars make all this safer?"

Again, not without addressing the racism.

https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2019/3/5/18251924/self-driving-car-racial-bias-study-autonomous-vehicle-dark-skin

This is another example of a common Machine Learning paradox: many ML systems are trained on datasets with not enough Black folk, and don't consider Black folk in the use cases, but those ML systems are used on Black communities. The harm is concentrated on us. 🙂🙃

Yes, this is another reason that the fake genius that rushed to put FSD on the road is a terrible human.

Study finds a potential risk with self-driving cars: failure to detect dark-skinned pedestrians

The findings speak to a bigger problem in the development of automated systems: algorithmic bias.

Vox

We can reverse many of these harms just by letting Black people vote. Then we get rid of the racist politicians and replace them with ones who will:

* Build safer bike infrastructure for everyone

* In particular, build infra that lets kids walk or bike to school and back safely

* Build towns and cities for humans, not cars

* Have a higher safety bar for self-driving cars than what that dude is getting away with

* Incentivize smaller cars / no cars. E-bikes over E-cars.

Again, you'll notice that the word "Black" doesn't appear anywhere in most of these interventions. They're better for all of us.

People in places like Atlanta are trying to make their city safer for pedestrians and cyclists of all colors. 👍🏿

https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=DFN7fNE8NYQ

But again, focus on, and understanding of, systemic racism, is necessary to make sure that this benefit is enjoyed by everyone.

https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=tycWtaejktA

Atlanta's Best: The Atlanta Beltline Revisited!

YouTube

Until the US is safely walkable or bikeable, people will continue to buy urban tanks in self-defense.

Since my kids were three years old, they've known to raise their hand as high as they can and wave it around whenever they hear a car engine start.

Some strangers smile and wave back when they see my kids do this. They think it's cute! But it's not really that cute.

@mekkaokereke

I want to see motor vehicles taxed by the volume they occupy.

Multiply the length x breadth x height together, divide by number of seats, charge it annually. (Allow a discount for commercial vehicles that carry freight, but NOT for pickup trucks or vans used for general business, i.e. the dentist driving a tricked-out Ford F150 for the tax break.)

Such a tax scales as the cube of the vehicle's overall dimensions, so it punishes oversize SUVs and pickups accordingly.

@cstross @mekkaokereke I want to see a CDL requirement and ban on noncommercial use of any vehicle over 1000 kg.
@dalias @cstross @mekkaokereke not sure what the exact values should be, but I think mass is probably the most important metric.
@jwedoff @cstross @mekkaokereke Yep, mass is ultimately the primary factor for harm, although height of hood from road and consequent visibility from driver seat are also way up there. To fix safety and environmental damage we need to get back to late 80s/early 90s vehicle sizes (aka what much of the rest of the world uses).

@dalias @jwedoff @cstross @mekkaokereke

Norway is starting to tax vehicles by weight. Only EVs I think, but it's interesting as a precedent
https://www.google.com/amp/s/cleantechnica.com/2023/01/04/norways-ev-sales-explode-ahead-of-policy-changes/amp/

Norway's EV Sales Explode Ahead Of Policy Changes

Norway's auto market saw plugin EV volume explode to take 87.6% share in December, with huge numbers of BEVs registered.

CleanTechnica
@dalias @jwedoff tax@[email protected] @mekkaokereke I recently saw that there's a perverse incentive pushing American cars to be larger -- that better gas efficiency is required for fleets with smaller wheelbases, and worse gas efficiency is allowed for longer wheelbases. Don't seem to have saved it; googled around and can't find it. Explains why American cars have become so much bigger than others though.

@patriciajhawkins @dalias @jwedoff @mekkaokereke

It's a mindset in America, pure and simple. The idea that "freedom" = consumer power = large homes and larger automobiles.

Absurdly overpowered "personal vehicles" have been the culture since at least the late 1950's.

@jwedoff @dalias @cstross @mekkaokereke

Horsepower plus % electric should be the measure, in my humble opinion.

@bland @jwedoff @cstross @mekkaokereke Neither of those has anything to do with how dangerous the vehicle is. If anything electric makes it worse because of the massive battery. (This could be fixed but they won't.)

@dalias @bland @jwedoff @cstross

I don't think folks are ready for what's going to happen when an EV Hummer collides with something.

It's a marvel of engineering, in a terrifying way. There has never been a car on roads that is 9000 lbs, and can go zero to 60 in under 3 seconds in WTF mode (Watts To Freedom).

https://youtube.com/shorts/RAU28zorX_8

Because their marketing team knows that this is the most Murkah'n EV ever made. Wouldn't surprise me if the paint is made from crushed up bald eagle beaks.

Hummer EV 0-60 ⚡️

YouTube
@cstross @mekkaokereke how about taxing by “dynamic envelope”: the size of the vehicle plus the area around it such that it can stop safely from whatever speeds it usually travels at. I’ll cross the road in front of a moped in circumstances where I might hold back if the oncoming vehicle is a Fireblade, so let’s represent that “plays nice with other road users” externality in the taxation
@dan @mekkaokereke The problem with "dynamic envelope" is that it assumes the driver is able or willing to stop. An SUV with insane braking performance would get a break here that the psychology of the sort of people who buy such a vehicle doesn't really justify.

@cstross @mekkaokereke very true, proposal needs some tuning. maybe base on mass and acceleration performance and assume nominal braking performance. Like it used to show on the back of the Highway Code.

If you don’t want to be taxed as though your attitude to other road users is “get out of my way, pleb”, don’t drive a car that says “get out of my way, pleb”

@dan @mekkaokereke This gets us into the same territory as archaic sumptuary laws. But I am extremely worried about the hyper-aggressive/macho styling of many light trucks, SUVs, and (to a lesser extent) sports cars these days. I think they're calculated to bring out the worst in their owners. Marketed like AR-15s.
@dan @mekkaokereke @cstross double the tax for the volume within the driver's blind spot
@PenguinJunk @dan @mekkaokereke @cstross high-tech taxes will just make it more of a privilege, and hence even more desirable. This monstrosity needs to be banned.
@cstross
@mekkaokereke
This makes my Scion iQ the perfect choice. Barely larger than a Smart Fortwo, but with four seats! Too bad they killed the line in 2016.
@jxyzn @mekkaokereke I had (until a year ago—sold it, didn't replace) a Volvo V70 estate. Big at the time, tiny by modern SUV standards. Not for driving around town, which is walkable/navigable by public transport; I bought it for long road trips (which COVID19 put an end to, hence getting rid of it).
@cstross @mekkaokereke I'd also like to see tickets scale by the weight of the vehicle/its ability to do damage (that, and have tickets scale by income like Finland does)

@cstross @mekkaokereke
taxing by vehicle volume is a good idea :-)

i would like the direct vision standards for HGVs in london to apply to all vehicles everywhere https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/deliveries-in-london/delivering-safely/direct-vision-in-heavy-goods-vehicles

Direct Vision Standard and HGV Safety Permit Scheme

All lorries over 12 tonnes gross vehicle weight need to be granted a permit to enter or operate in Greater London. The scheme was created to improve the safety of all road users.

Transport for London
@cstross @mekkaokereke need to factor in weight too. Probably weight per unit area of tire contact.
@cstross @mekkaokereke or simply tax by its weight. Physics will take care of your other concerns 😉
@cstross @mekkaokereke This also taxes vehicles proportionate to the damage they do to roads, so it's also a "fair" tax, not just something that panders to the woke bicycle/pedestrian lobby.

@cstross Is the intention of this math to punish all cargo use of vehicles?

It seems like that would encourage an increase in the use of trailers.

I'm not sure if that's preferable to vans and trucks.

@jaykay Yes, but principally to discourage larger SUVs and trucks. Objective: move freight back to railways (which can be electrified), induce people to move closer to cities/amenities and use human-powered or ultralight vehicles. NB: this is a very long-term process—it'd require a complete renewal cycle for the housing fleet, so 30-60 years.

@cstross

Literally had this exact thought yesterday. This is a perfect tax. It's fair "usage" tax because it taxes more those who increase the cost of road construction and maintenance. It also works as a "sin tax", providing an economic deterrence for behavior that has a negative social effect.

@cstross @mekkaokereke Part of the problem is that the fuel efficiency standards basically encourage large vehicles. If they were smaller, they’d have to get much better gas mileage (which would be good but less profitable for them)

@cstross @mekkaokereke

I was actually coming from the other direction - tax based on mass. That would also scale roughly cubically with size. Dividing by passenger count, I think, would be a mistake - most vehicles contain just the driver, and the extra passenger carrying capacity is used a small fraction of the time.

Want a three-tonne SUV to commute to work, alone? Fine. But you're going to pay an extra $3/kg over 1500kg each year.

@cazabon @mekkaokereke A mass tax will penalize battery-heavy EVs relative to ICE vehicles. That was my main reason for proposing a volume tax.

@cstross @mekkaokereke

➕ I wasn't thinking about battery mass.

I can't see how battery EVs would do some routine driving here on the Canadian prairies. I regularly drive ~275km to visit family for the day (~5 hrs visit), turn around and drive home. In the winter, when it's -35C and you're driving into a 160km/h headwind on the highway, you need your heater turned up full blast (5-6hrs) the whole way. I understand a Tesla has a 7kW electric heater? Not enough juice to get there and back.

@cazabon @mekkaokereke Yep. But I note some EVs can fast-charge from 20% to 50% in about 20 minutes, and they're far more predictable for range/charge options than gas burners. There'd definitely be a need for more charger stations along highways in Canada, though, ideally with shelter and refreshments.
@cstross @mekkaokereke @tellyworth here’s a 12yo beside a vehicle whose owner pays the same registration fee as I do for my small hatchback. It’s also exempt from emissions targets and is probably a tax deduction for its owner. It didn’t fit in the parking space.
@tellyworth be a damn shame if it got scratched 🙃
@tellyworth @cstross @mekkaokereke why exempt from emissions target unless electric. Also road tax based on emissions. My wife's car and mine have the same engine but I pay £100 more than her as mine is heavier and therefore has higher emissions

@JohnLoader6 @cstross @mekkaokereke unfortunately, in my state it’s electric vehicles that are taxed extra: https://www.vicroads.vic.gov.au/registration/registration-fees/zlev-road-user-charge#ZLEV-costs-and-calculations

Unsurprisingly, EVs are rare here, while huge dual cab trucks are by far the most popular vehicles sold.

@tellyworth @cstross @mekkaokereke But I see that electric versions of them are on the market too. EVs didn't used to pay Road Tax in UK but they will soon as their numbers grow. As for fuel around 35% of pump price goes to government, electricity at home 5%.

@JohnLoader6 @tellyworth @cstross @mekkaokereke

These are bad vehicles whether or not they are electric.

@JohnLoader6 @cstross @mekkaokereke sadly there are no electric versions of pickup trucks/utility vehicles on the market in Australia.

Few EVs at all in fact, due in large part to policies like those I mentioned effectively subsidizing large diesel/petrol vehicles and adding costs to EVs.

@tellyworth @cstross @mekkaokereke and no car factories left in Australia. With small exceptions all UK car factories foreign owned and gradually models like electric Mimi being moved offshore
How To Deflate An SUV Tyre

It's quick, easy and anyone can take part! Simply print out our leaflet and read on.

Tyre Extinguishers
@tellyworth @cstross @mekkaokereke Honestly at this point I'm most shocked that they don't offer weapon hardpoints. This is America after all, we exercise our freedom to own gratuitous amounts of weaponry, and gratuitously-sized vehicles, and we love a combo deal that we can supersize.
@DressToKILT @tellyworth @mekkaokereke Some of them DO offer weapon hardpoints, as optional extras.
@DressToKILT my photo was taken in Australia.
@tellyworth OK so a least your kids aren't getting shot after they get run over.

@cstross @mekkaokereke

I want to see this too. All the driving I've done, since COVID-19 semi-retirement, is interstate; moving furniture, baggage, people, and household goods. Thus I have been driving a full bed, full cab, "pickup" truck these past couple years.

I will gladly pay the tax for this large footprint utility vehicle. The tax should be levied on any vehicle that burns ANY fossil fuel.

Previous motor vehicle owned was a full electric "sub-compact".

@cstross @mekkaokereke @christineburns What’s the aim? Penalise people with large vehicles, or penalise gas guzzlers? What happens with say a modern hybrid suv which is less polluting and more economical than a 1990 Mini 1275 say?

@cyberspice @mekkaokereke @christineburns Penalize people with large vehicles. (The gas guzzlers have *already* lost the argument insofar as ICE vehicles are sliding into illegality and obsolescence worldwide within the next 10-20 years.)

The start of this thread was a toot about SUVs so large the drivers can't see children (which has led to a number of crushing deaths over the past few years) and can't fit in parking spots. It's deadly, anti-social, and an arms race. Society needs to stop it.

@cstross @mekkaokereke @christineburns I lived opposite my school as a child. I got run over a couple if times by mothers in small cars who just were parking in the wrong place, not concentrating due to kids in the car and so on. I wonder what comes first here. Arrogant parents who aren’t looking out for others often drive silly big vehicles. So is it the car or is it that kind of car is driven by a bad driver. Many of these vehicles have driving aids to make it easier to see around the vehicle. Also if you are wealthy enough to buy a large SUV you can pay for the vehicle licence. I don’t think it will limit the vehicles. What’s your feeling about vans. Where I live there are many trades people. Family vehicles are often a small car and a transit or VW van.
@cstross @cyberspice @mekkaokereke @christineburns Gas guzzlers aren't going away. They're just getting bigger and bigger.
@ellenor2000 @cyberspice @mekkaokereke @christineburns Yes, which is why government intervention and punitive regulation (or taxation) is essential. The public good trumps the private profits of the gas guzzler manufacturers, and the carefully cultivated ego prosthesis of their customers.
@cstross @mekkaokereke
Some states do it by weight.
Like your idea in general, but would not give special discount to commercial vehicles.
@cstross @mekkaokereke Tom Conte the actor once said at that time he didn't have to pay London congestion charge on his Land Rover as it had 12 seats and was considered a bus. Leave height alone. If you want smaller cars they may have to get taller. Tokyo has a maximum car size that can be parked on the road
@cstross @mekkaokereke Most of the world already does this by taxing gasoline which is effectively a vehicle weight tax. An untouchable third rail in US politics unfortunately.

@cstross @mekkaokereke

While taxing by volume is possible, taxing by weight is more practical, and overall more appropriate.

A number of countries do this currently, and it works reasonably well.

@cstross @[email protected] Dutch road taxes use (empty) weight and fuel type and commercial use as some of the factors to calculate taxation levels.

It's definitely an incentive for people to buy smaller cars, but not quite there yet to really influence the richer classes.

@cstross dividing by the number of seats would be counterproductive IMO since most cars miles are driven with a single occupant no matter the number of seats, and most of those huge vehicles have a lot of seats
@dfwest It's an out for buses.
@cstross @dfwest why would buses be taxed to begin with?