I've been speaking and writing lately about how tech companies try to shift the discussion on misinformation, polarization, harassment, etc., away from the systems and structures that are inherently toxic and toward questions of individual behavior.

This way they can blame their own users for any pathology and steer clear of calls for systemic change.

Today Elon Musk has come through with a perfect illustration for my future talks.

#socialmedia #twitter #ElonMusk

This should be obvious, but having an algorithm that behaves that way is a DELIBERATE CHOICE.

It would be easy enough, for example, to implement basic sentiment analysis so that the algorithm doesn't boost content that you have reacted negatively to in the future.

Musk is playing it both ways. He keeps the algorithm that boosts inflammatory content and drives the online conflicts that draw views and clicks, while pushing the blame for this off onto the individuals involved.

That sucks.

I've posted a slightly longer version of this thread to post.news. For those who are interested, here's the link. I've also attached the text below.

https://post.news/article/2KTDq7DXiMkp5J31wEMwMXB33tX

Elon Musk and Twitter as a digital outrage engine. / Post.

@ct_bergstrom Does this surprise anyone? To the algo, "Enragement" == "Engagement"

@ct_bergstrom

Elon Musk is following the playbook of many corporations, shift responsibility to consumers and individuals who have the least information or knowledge.

Social media companies such Meta and YouTube do this, even though their algorithms curate feeds of users.

Fossil fuel companies do this on climate change, while they lobby law makers and push false messages

Firearm companies do this while they ensure they are protected from basic consumer protection law.

Cigarette companies did this.

Sadly many libertarian groups have latched onto this lie

@ct_bergstrom I commented on post, but will repeat here - it seems like deliberately feeding white supremacist posts to Black Twitter users who have reported racist posts should be legally actionable. Algorithms are programmed by humans with human intentions.

@ct_bergstrom probably why I do not see any of this. I weeded through my followers and who I followed in 2018. Got rid of those prone to posting anger inducing posts and retweeting crap that gets people upset...even if they were just retweeting to make people "aware."

Then focused on art and music follows...clicking on their posts and sharing if I really liked the content.

It makes for a better Twitter experience for me.

@ct_bergstrom So sticking around to call out the bullshit results in getting more bullshit directed to you, do I have that right? Seems like a great plan.

@ct_bergstrom

Thought you would find this of interest:

https://archive.ph/lSo5W

archive.ph

@ct_bergstrom
That "  ✅" alone is an UX eyesore

@ct_bergstrom agree completely.

Thing is, long before he took over Twitter, Musk talked about social media in a way that showed he had a clear understanding of these problems - the outrage machine dynamic, the way the algorithm is designed, etc. Now it seems like he’s defending it :-/

@ct_bergstrom lately I’ve been reminded of a Twitter discussion between Jack Dorsey and Musk about the latest tweets view (which I always use). They agreed that showing content only from accounts you’re following was a healthier model. They also talked about how taking Twitter private would make it easier to go in that direction.

Fast-forward to now, and the app defaults to the “For you” view every time I open it. I often forget that I have to swipe over to “Latest” 

@ct_bergstrom he clearly understands the dynamic, and advocated for people to use the “Latest” view back in May 2022, yet now they’ve removed the ability to default to, and stay on, “Latest”

https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1525612988115320838?s=46&t=-gmScMCVfQWgIDdwjiklVQ

Elon Musk on Twitter

“Very important to fix your Twitter feed: 1. Tap home button. 2. Tap stars on upper right of screen. 3. Select “Latest tweets”. You are being manipulated by the algorithm in ways you don’t realize. Easy to switch back & forth to see the difference.”

Twitter
@poach187 there really is a tweet for everything. Amazing.

@ct_bergstrom "He keeps the algorithm..."

Perhaps it's other changes (reinstating formerly banned accounts) but Twitter feels like it has amplified this algorithmic choice.

@Greggentry @ct_bergstrom Yes. Instead of seeing accounts I follow, I’m offered up accounts those accounts follow. If I’m following legal analysts who follow domestic extremists, I want the analyses, not the hot takes from the extremists, in my feed.
@ct_bergstrom Such a great point. Look forward to more from you on this.
@ct_bergstrom He writes "not actually wrong" (assuming one would always like to trash more accounts), but it's not wrong only if you assume our capacity for hate is infinite. I seriously doubt you'll find a researcher who would support this dark claim -- or a poet.

@aminreport @ct_bergstrom Not only that - it isn't about people trashing an account, it's also people trying to tackle disinformation, blatantly dangerous political views and so on. And the people trying to do that end up swamped by more and more of the same. Try to stand up for your rights as a minority by replying to some racist/transphobic idiot, and you get swamped by more and more bullying idiots.

Quite clear Elon doesn't have a clue about any of these consequences, or willfully ignores..

@aminreport @ct_bergstrom He's thinking about human interactions mechanically rather than with empathy. Which shouldn't be any great surprise... but not brilliant for someone who is in charge of one of the major ways people across the globe are communicating.
@krnlg @aminreport @ct_bergstrom Elon doesn't have - or is incapable of understanding - empathy.

@hambledown_road
That would explain it, and possibly a common trait among leaders of large platforms and countries. However, researchers can hardly talk about capability for empathy, and even when they do, it still does not explain how democratic societies have ended up short in the struggle to limit personal arbitrariness in social and political life and instead seem to reward and follow assholism. Well, maybe not all, perhaps in the EU they're making progress.

@krnlg @ct_bergstrom

@aminreport @krnlg @ct_bergstrom Your point is a sage one. We are responsible for our reasoning and choice to engage with these platforms. The last time I looked, my empathy tank was pretty full.
@ct_bergstrom I imagine a blog post or an entire book titled The Greedy Algorithm about the ethics of choosing how to present streams of content items.
@ct_bergstrom Or perhaps a course title of the same name. "The Greedy Algorithm" as a companion to understanding BS rhetoric.

@ct_bergstrom
So my first thought was it was a good thing not to feed the trolls and perhaps people looking for conflict and confrontation would go away. But, thinking about it more, it means "silence is complicity". The images, the hate, the negativity, the disinformation, will continue to assault you.

So, if you don't like it and can't say anything about it - yeay, free speech?

@ct_bergstrom I couldn’t swallow the “algorithm “ anymore, makes me sick.

@ct_bergstrom Reminds me of the disclosure that Facebook ranks reactions according to how irksome you find a given post. In sum:

😡 = "please, Sir, may I have another?"

https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/10/26/facebook-angry-emoji-algorithm/

Five points for anger, one for a ‘like’: How Facebook’s formula fostered rage and misinformation

Facebook engineers gave extra value to emoji reactions, including « angry, » pushing more emotional and provocative content into users’ news feeds.

The Washington Post
@ct_bergstrom algorithms are the new "the market"
@ct_bergstrom Twitter is becoming unusable for me. And it appears that's exactly what Elmo intended when he "bought" it.
@ct_bergstrom America would be well served if corporate America learned the lesson that while authority may be delegated, responsibility can not.

He keeps the algorithm that boosts inflammatory content and drives the online conflicts that draw views

People go, “Haha. What a fool. He’s broken the world record for the largest loss of personal fortune in history.” They forget he is a very very cunning and calculative person. He knows that, “Good news does not sell.” Very well.

@ct_bergstrom in this case, rage is the machine 😕

@AbandonedAmerica

Yes! I'm stealing that line for an upcoming talk, if I may.

@ct_bergstrom @AbandonedAmerica v droll abandoned america. 300 points to you. 😂
@myownpetard @ct_bergstrom can I like... cash in the points for anything? An ipad or whatever?
@AbandonedAmerica @ct_bergstrom um... well... i forgot to arrange for that. i'm new at being a nonexistent
small business!
@myownpetard @ct_bergstrom no worries, just watched Glass Onion and got carried away
@AbandonedAmerica @ct_bergstrom ah we need to do that
@myownpetard it's fun! And I guarantee when you do the ipad comment will seem at least 30% less weird
@AbandonedAmerica it actually didn't seem weird at all 😂
@myownpetard oh okay good, after a full day of audio editing myself I have that "everything I say sounds nonsensical and awful" phobia stuck in my head
@AbandonedAmerica lol that sounds annoying! self doubt is the BEST.
@myownpetard oh it's awful and yes, it really cranks that self doubt up to the point where I think a life of solitude at the bottom of a pit is probably the best option for me
@AbandonedAmerica yeah... been there. i recommend you bring snacks. and a ladder.
@myownpetard @AbandonedAmerica Except there are many, many other insecure people at the bottom of the same pit. It's sort of like when everyone in high school decided to just ignore the cool kids who rejected them, and suddenly 98% of us had a community and the cool kids were all by themselves wondering what happened.
@ct_bergstrom As the great philosopher Billy Corgan once said: "Despite all my rage, I am still just a rat in cage".
@ct_bergstrom @dalias and nobody wants to admit that software developers aren't that smart and can't really build a good algorithm that scales to a global audience, easier to blame the users.
@Paxxi @ct_bergstrom I'm skeptical of that claim. Regardless of whether you can build it (probably easy) it's entirely counter to business interests to do so.
@dalias @ct_bergstrom I haven't seen anyone doing sentiment analysis handling sarcasm as an example, then translate that to different languages and cultures and you end up with something that just weights likes, replies and retweets
@Paxxi @ct_bergstrom Don't do sentiment analysis on text contents. Just use social graphs and assume for example that someone in a deplorable circle interacting with someone in an antifa circle is hostile interaction.
@Paxxi @ct_bergstrom I suspect you could somewhat automate discovery of this kind of social graph knowledge by using trends in textual sentiment analysis - it's horribly wrong on individual messages but might be significant at scale looking at trends across all messages crossing social graph clusters.
@dalias @ct_bergstrom I still think that fails. If a group keeps telling nazis to fuck off, will they be part of the bad group? They keep being negative and interacting with the nazis. Will they be a separate group also labeled as bad?
@Paxxi @ct_bergstrom No, "social graph" means follows/mutual relationships. But you could also include likes.
@dalias @ct_bergstrom that solves being grouped with the nazis but it doesn't solve the other issue
@ct_bergstrom I guess now I know why I’ve gotten so many ads for Saudi Arabia. Well, that and that they own part of Twitter …

@ct_bergstrom

Or implement a dislike button.