Heads-up! to https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.12209
"How to detect the spacetime curvature without rulers and #Clocks"
(A. V. Nenashev, S. D. Baranovskii)
-- which investigates the question (p. 2)
"Is it possible to figure out that a spacetime [region] is curved [instead conformally flat] by testing #CausalRelations only ?"
-- and provides proof of a positive answer through a criterion in terms of causal relations among any set of eight #events (#StitchConfiguration).
Closely related is the question
"Is it possible to figure out whether two (or more) participants are sitting still wrt. each other in a flat region (or whatever is equivalent in a conformally flat region) by testing causal relations only ?",
(referring to the notion of #InertialFrame in the sense of W. Rindler as "set of point particles sitting still wrt. each other"; cmp. http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Special_relativity:_kinematics),
-- which is presumably solved by #tetrahedral-octahedral #PingCoincidenceLattices, closely related to #OctetTruss #PingCoincidenceLattices; see e.g. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrahedral-octahedral_honeycomb and https://www.google.com/search?q=%22octet+truss%22&tbm=isch&prmd=ivnbz
-- and where, notably, eight events in one particular variant of the #StitchConfiguration do indeed occur as integral part of those mentioned #PingCoincidenceLattices (namely, not surprisingly, depicted as #Octahedra in the familiar drawings of the corresponding "plain 3D" lattices).
How to detect the spacetime curvature without rulers and clocks
We demonstrate how one can distinguish a curved 4-dimensional spacetime from a flat one, when it is possible, relying only on the causality relations between events. It is known that it is possible only for spacetimes that are not conformally flat. We prove that if a spacetime is not conformally flat, then its non-flatness can be verified by only a few (sixteen) measurements of causal relations. Therefore the results of this paper clarify what can be said about flatness or non-flatness of the spacetime after a finite number of measurements of causal relations.