How Peter Navarro, Trumpâs Tariff Cheerleader, Became the Ultimate Yes-Man â The New Yorker
Illustration by Barry Blitt
A Reporter at Large
Peter Navarro, Trumpâs Ultimate Yes-Man
The tariff cheerleader established the template of sycophancy for Trump Administration officials.
By Ian Parker, December 22, 2025
Illustration by Barry Blitt
As an economist, Navarro wrote that retaliatory tariffs are how âtrade wars are born.â He now backs Trumpâs trade wars. Illustration by Barry Blitt
In March, 2016, Peter Navarro introduced himself to students in Managing Geopolitical Risk in an Age of a Rising China, a new undergraduate course at the University of California, Irvine. Donald Trump was then a month away from becoming the presumptive Republican nominee for President. Navarro, who had tenure at the business school, was an academic oddity: he worked at a research university, but heâd done little serious research since finishing his doctorate in economics, at Harvard, thirty years earlier. And he didnât seem to enjoy contact with students. A former friend of his, an economist, recently said, âI donât think he liked teaching that muchâhe liked talking.â Navarro had secured a life of privilege and frustration. He lived in a big house in Laguna Beach with an ocean view and a pool surrounded by statuary. But he plainly yearned to be somewhere, or someone, else.
Professors often develop side hustles. But Navarro had long sought to trade his academic status for a more dazzling form of powerâmayor of San Diego, stock guru, Democratic congressman, television host. Heâd largely failed in these ambitions, thanks in part to traits he recognized in himself: he was arrogant, abrasive, and disdainful. âThe problem was my personality,â Navarro wrote, in an account of his struggles as a political candidate. Although he once compared his charisma to Barack Obamaâs, he knew that many who met him regarded him as an asshole. He was always getting into spats. Shortly before Navarroâs new course began, he sent an e-mail to John Graham, another U.C. Irvine professor, asking, âAre you frigging deaf, dumb, and blind?â
Navarro had first pitched his class in a mass e-mail to thirty thousand students. That spring, only seventeen had enrolled. The room could have held a hundred. âHe was not a prominent professor,â one of the students whoâd chosen to take the course recently recalled.
She remembers him as skinny and âa little bit on the shorter side.â Navarro, who is about five feet seven, was an avid cyclist, bodysurfer, and cold-bath plunger. Then as now, he resembled an agitated basketball coach: rolled-up sleeves, graying hair combed straight back from a tanned and taut face. Long drawn to language aimed at making mundane tasks sound muscular or militaristic, he instructed students to bring âlaptop capability.â
Navarro had just published âCrouching Tiger,â his third book to describe China as an ugly threat to America and the world. The previous two, from 2006 and 2011, had portrayed China as an amoral economic force; the new one emphasized the countryâs rising military ambitions. It was bluntly polemicalâChinese missiles were âdesigned to literally ram American satellites out of the skyâ; a submarine base was âright out of a James Bond novelââand it contained no evidence that Navarro could speak Chinese or had even visited China. Footnotes frequently cited op-eds and Wikipedia. The book was largely ignored. A âCrouching Tigerâ account on Twitter attracted only a few dozen followers. When Navarro was challenged about his expertise in a testy Ask Me Anything thread on Reddit, he replied, âMany of my experts . . . get much of their source material directly from the Chinese.â When comments dried up, Navarro asked, âany body out there????â
Yet, as Navarroâs student discovered, the class was the book. Each week, students discussed either âCrouching Tigerâ or episodes of an accompanying documentary series that Navarro clearly hadnât quite finished assembling. âWe would watch these weird videos,â the student said. In addition to talking-head interviews, âthere would be, like, âINSERT ANIMATION HEREâ â; Navarro appeared in front of an unaltered green screen. The student wondered if she was enrolled in a book-marketing focus group. Not long after, the videos began to appear on YouTube.
Navarroâs teaching assistant, Ben Leffel, who had lived and worked in China, didnât share Navarroâs geopolitical views. (Leffel, who now teaches at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, told me that he always saw Navarro as a charlatan drawn to âperformative warmongering.â) Leffel tried to be a moderating influenceâparticularly on the many occasions when Navarro did not come to classâbut the course remained yoked to âCrouching Tiger.â The student said that the classâs message was simple: âWe have to be afraid of China.â
The final exam was held in early June, around the time that Navarro had what he has called a âsurrealâ experience. One morning, he has written, he walked down the hill from his home to Victoria Beachââhallowed ground from where I would launch my paddle board and cruise out among the seals and dolphins.â He was expecting a call. Stephen Miller, who was then a thirty-year-old speechwriter for Trump and who now oversees the federal governmentâs effort to terrorize people perceived to be undocumented immigrants, wanted to talk. Navarro wrote, âAs I sat down in the sand hoping that my cell phone reception would hold, the key thing that kept popping into my mind was how close I was to powerâyet, in tiny Laguna Beach, so far away.â
Navarro likes to say that he was one of only three senior advisers to serve Trump from his first campaign to the end of his first term. The others he identifies are Miller and Dan Scavino, who is now a deputy chief of staff. In the taxonomy of political sidekicks, Navarro, who advises on trade, isnât a carrier of darkly destructive principles, like Miller. Nor is he a natural political fixer. And he canât be described as a persuasive orator. His frequent TV appearancesâwhere he tends to be uninterruptible, while gesturing with his index and pinkie fingers extended, like Paulie Walnuts on âThe Sopranosââcan be off-putting even to allies. His friend Stephen Bannon, the former White House adviser turned broadcaster, once cut off Navarroâs microphone to break his flow.
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