@kitsastro @RickiTarr
As @alexch notes, the system, capitalism or otherwise, can't systemically prevent theft.
This isn't to say that the current system isn't corrupt, it is. But the laws which once forbade things like continuous interest on loans have been rewritten to allow it. More significantly, articles of incorporation now limit the liability of chartants, the specific goal of this is to allow chartered groups and individuals to accrue more responsibility than they can be held to account for. The premise is that accrual of wealth should have no limit, achieved by discarding the penalties for dishonest and predatory commerce. That is certainly a corruption that destroys equity. It is a fraud that facilitates bad faith.
If I rewire a car so badly that it stops working, that doesn't mean that cars can never work. But fixing cars is hard, and cars will still malfunction from simple wear, even when carefully maintained. Even as the idea of a car can continue, the actual cars have to be discarded and new ones built. Staying with the car analogy a little further, we can also see (now, starkly) that problems arise from very large numbers of cars (pollution, over investment investment in roads).
Simply avoiding or negating capitalism has a whole doesn't solve the larger problems of scale and scope. Promises of perfect systems and complete justice are always false, as they ignore physics, the set of circumstances in which and by which we live and die. Civilization's intent is (was?) to share work and risk and suffering and benefit, which are all inherent to and essential for life. But the success of that pact is still limited, and the success of an individual, or a family or a town or a nation or the life on a planet is never certain. What is certain is that we can understand what is happening, also that we have to take it seriously enough to keep our expectations modest and in proportion to the context (back to physics and physical reality).