These #microbes have been thriving without #mitochondria since the age of #dinosaurs!
7 years ago, we identified the first known #eukaryote that has completely lost its mitochondria in a humble inhabitant of #chinchilla's gut - #Monocercomonoides exilis.
Today, we can say with confidence, that this intriguing simplification of the cell is not unique to M. exilis, but shared with many of its relatives. This means that it happened at least 100 million years ago!
https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1011050
Author summary Mitochondria are nearly ubiquitous components of eukaryotic cells that constitute bodies of animals, fungi, plants, algae, and a broad diversity of single-celled eukaryotes, a.k.a. protists. Many groups of protists have substantially reduced the complexity of their mitochondria because they live in oxygen-poor environments, so they are unable to utilize the most salient feature of mitochondria–their ATP-producing oxidative phosphorylation metabolism. However, for a long time, scientists thought that it is impossible to completely lose a mitochondrion because this organelle provides other essential services to the cell, e.g. synthesis of protein cofactors called iron-sulfur clusters. Detailed investigation of the chinchilla symbiont M. exilis documented the first case of an organism without mitochondrion, and it also provided a scenario explaining how this unique evolutionary experiment might have happened. In this work, we expand on this discovery by exploring genomes of multiple relatives of M. exilis. We show that the loss of the mitochondrion is not limited to a single species but possibly extends to its entire group, the oxymonads. We also compare the predicted metabolic capabilities of oxymonads to their closest known mitochondrion-containing relatives and map out various changes that occurred during the transition to amitochondriality.
Just about every Windows and Linux device vulnerable to new LogoFAIL firmware attack
UEFIs booting Windows and Linux devices can be hacked by malicious logo images.
Ok. Check out the illustration. This is strange.
Mysterious woman tells school board that Scholastic book sparked porn addiction
https://popular.info/p/mysterious-woman-tells-school-board?r=2dmxo&utm_campaign=post&utm_medium=web
On November 14, a 20-year-old woman named Lanah Burkhardt appeared before the school board of the Conroe Independent School District in Texas. Burkhardt told the board that, when she was 11, she read a Scholastic book that introduced her to "a single kiss." According to Burkhardt, her exposure to this Scholastic book was directly responsible for her developing a debilitating addiction to pornography.
Ah, I'm sliding into a depressive trough after developing a yearning for the lost adventurous days of a youth that not only didn't I have, but which was impossible for me to have.
Brains are the best.