The Israelites would have been fine with #Amos condemning the nations around them, even Judah. But how would they feel when he turned to them?

03.15 | The Voice 16.11 | Covenant #Transgressions of Israel and Judah | Amos 2:4-16
https://www.venicechurchofchrist.org/voice/covenanttransgressions/

Oh, sure, the Israelites were on board with condemning the nations.

But what would they think when #Amos would turn and indict them?

Covenant #Transgressions of Israel and Judah | Amos 2:4-16
https://www.deverbovitae.com/articles/covenanttransgressions/

#Amos stood before the Israelites and began denouncing the nations around them for their sins. They would pay the penalty.

02.15 | The Voice 16.07 | The #Transgressions of the Nations | Amos 1:3-2:3
https://www.venicechurchofchrist.org/voice/transgressionsnations/

#Amos pronounced God's decrees and judgment against the nations around Judah and Israel. God had noticed their sins. They would suffer appropriately because of them.

The #Transgressions of the Nations | Amos 1:3-2:3
https://www.deverbovitae.com/articles/transgressionsnations/

While home spaces were not as gendered as those in #AncientGreece, this article talks about how spaces in Rome were also somewhat gendered -- and in his attack against #Clodia, #Cicero used Clodia's defiance of those norms against her!

#Scandalisation, #gender and space in #AncientRome: The case of #Cicero and #Clodia

by Muriel Moser
First published: 17 June 2024

"Ciceros thus uses different notions of space for his argument. First, by drawing up a moral landscape of her shameful deeds, Cicero seeks to emphasise the magnitude of her guilt [as an adulteress and murderer of her husband]. Second, built spaces are important for Cicero's argument because they allow him to ‘reveal’ Clodia's private acts, that is, acts that occurred in private spaces, to his male audience in a public space in a dramatic way, thus offering entertainment and creating outrage. Finally, Cicero is able to present her acts as shameful and problematic by blurring built spaces with gendered social spaces.

"This last aspect of his use of space is particularly complex and perfidious and made possible not least by the fluidity of the spatial concepts at work in a #domus and other ‘private’ places, such as gardens and provincial villas. Take the Roman domus: Cicero could use several levels of meaning in this term. A Roman domus was a physical location with a strong symbolic value. It was considered to be the seat of a family, to the point that the term could be equated with the family itself. And, as the family stood at the heart of the Roman moral order, the domus also had a strong #moral connotation The Roman house was, further, a political and hence a public site: it was used to conduct political business, to make connections and to present the public image of the house's owner. It is likely that Clodia received her guests in the atrium, the centre of the public part of the domus, or in an adjacent room (cubiculum) more suitable for private business, but it is difficult to map these roles onto specific areas within the Roman domus. Roman houses were not divided into a ‘public’ and a ‘non-public’ area: some areas were clearly intended for interaction with people outside the household, such as members of the public, guests or supplicants, while other parts were reserved for the life of the family and the business of the household, but there was no clear dichotomy, the separation of these spaces being fluid, with gradations of privacy.

"It is this fluidity that allows Cicero uses spatial references to make Clodia scandalous. For it allows him blur the division between built spaces used by women and conceptual or social spaces, notably politics, that were reserved for men. In this way, Cicero is able to construct Clodia's social events as #transgressions into #MaleSocialSpace. How is this achieved? Having ascribed each of her acts to a specific space as noted above, he turned events that (if they happened at all) would otherwise have been accessible to at most a few people – the goings-on inside Clodia's house (domus) in Rome, in her private garden by the Tiber or at her country house at Baiae – into the public object of the trial of Caelius. In so doing, Cicero accused her of having used these built spaces in a manner that had infringed on social spaces that were unsuitable for respectful women, because they were, so he insinuated, reserved for men. It is the infringement of these #gendered social spaces that constitute her worst transgression according to Cicero."

Read more:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1468-0424.12794

#RomanWomen #RomanHistory #Patriarchy #Rome #WomensRights