She Was in Labor at a Florida Hospital. Then She Was in Zoom Court for Refusing a C-Section. - Ibbit
It’s difficult to put yourself in the place of Cherise Doyley, a pregnant mother
of three who found herself facing a judge while in labor at the University of
Florida Health hospital in downtown Jacksonville. She had arrived at the
facility with a plan for her birth. She wanted to try for a vaginal delivery,
but she understood from years of experience as a professional birthing doula
that things don’t always go as planned. She arrived overnight at the hospital
after her water broke. Doctors told her they were concerned about the risk of
uterine rupture, a potentially deadly complication for her and her baby. She
understood the risk to be less than 2% and repeatedly told doctors she wouldn’t
consent to a cesarean without trying to have a vaginal delivery first. The
doctors appeared to relent, leaving her to labor for several more hours. Then a
nursing supervisor wheeled a tablet up to her bed and informed her she was in
court. The reason? Failing to agree to a C-section. ### Read More
[https://www.propublica.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/20260228-Maney-Court-Ordered-C-Sections-035.jpg?w=400&h=400&crop=1]They
Didn’t Want to Have C-Sections. A Judge Would Decide How They Gave Birth.
[https://www.propublica.org/article/florida-court-ordered-c-sections] When
advocates for pregnant women say that you shouldn’t lose your constitutional
rights just because you conceived, this is the kind of situation they’re talking
about. I’m a reporter based in Alabama, and throughout my career, I’ve focused
on women facing the consequences of the state’s fetal personhood policy. That’s
the idea that fetuses should have the same legal status as children. My
investigation shows how a similar theory played into the cases of two women:
Cherise Doyley and Brianna Bennett, who experienced eerily similar situations in
Florida. In both cases, they found themselves fighting for their rights to make
medical decisions because they were pregnant
[https://www.propublica.org/article/florida-court-ordered-c-sections]. I
obtained a video recording of Doyley’s court hearing. Watching her argue her
case from her hospital bed shocked me. Even though courts have found time and
time again that you can’t force someone to undergo medical treatment — even if
it could save someone else’s life — the video underscored for me how pregnant
women are the rare exception. In several states, judges have ruled pregnant
patients can be forced to receive blood transfusions or remain on bed rest if it
is in the best interest of the fetus. In Doyley’s case, a court would force her
to undergo surgery. ProPublica has already investigated how abortion
restrictions can lead to pregnant women being denied lifesaving care
[https://www.propublica.org/series/life-of-the-mother]. Experts worry that the
opposite problem, forced treatment, could also become more common in states like
Florida that have fetal personhood policies. Doyley signed a waiver allowing the
hospital to discuss her case with ProPublica, but a spokesperson for University
of Florida Health in Jacksonville would not comment, citing patient privacy. By
sharing and examining Doyley’s case with her consent, we aim to show you what
forced medical treatment can look like. And, while we encourage you to read the
full investigation
[https://www.propublica.org/article/florida-court-ordered-c-sections], we wanted
to offer you a look inside the Zoom court hearing so you can see for yourself
what happened. ### The Hearing Convenes Nurses wheel in a tablet for a virtual
hearing, and Cherise Doyley realizes she is facing a court hearing about her
birth choices. Obtained by ProPublica You can see the confusion on Doyley’s face
as she realizes she’s being taken to court over her medical decisions. She asked
for a lawyer, or at least a patient advocate. Florida courts don’t require
lawyers for pregnant women in hearings about their medical decisions and the
hospital didn’t provide an advocate, so Doyley had to go it alone. Judge Michael
Kalil was on the call in his black robe and explained how the hearing would
work. Doyley, a Black woman, was lying in a hospital bed, hooked up to IVs and
monitors and covered by a sheet. She was surrounded on the screen by nearly a
dozen doctors and lawyers, most of them white, who offered a lot of testimony
about what could happen to Doyley’s baby if she continued to refuse a C-section.
### The Judge Explains the Proceedings Judge Michael Kalil explains that the
state attorney’s office, at the request of the hospital, has asked him to grant
an order for an emergency C-section. Obtained by ProPublica Dr. Erin Burnett
said during the hearing that she did not think Doyley could successfully give
birth vaginally. A long labor could increase the risk of uterine rupture, which
could kill Doyley and the child, she said. Dr. John Davis, the chair of the
obstetrics and gynecology department, said in the hearing the hospital had been
recognized for its low C-section rate and did not perform unnecessary surgeries.
Doyley’s condition required intervention, he said. “Everybody was very concerned
about the baby’s welfare,” Jenny Van Ravestein, director of women’s services at
the hospital, said during the hearing. Burnett and Davis did not respond to
requests for comment, and the hospital declined ProPublica’s requests to
interview them and others involved in Doyley’s care. The research on the risks
of uterine rupture after prior C-sections is unclear. Studies have found that
0.15% to 2.3% of these labors resulted in a rupture, depending on a number of
factors such as body mass, a history of successful vaginal births and whether
the labor began spontaneously or had to be induced. Either number felt pretty
low to Doyley. What the testimony doesn’t include, though, is much about the
downsides Doyley faced from having another C-section, which could entail a long
recovery, infection and other complications, along with the risk of death. But
she couldn’t explain her reasoning until the judge decided to unmute her. ###
Doyley Testifies When Doyley is unmuted, she testifies that a C-section could
put her life in danger. Obtained by ProPublica Doyley had her reasons to want to
avoid major abdominal surgery: She had difficult recoveries from her previous
C-sections. A hemorrhage after a prior C-section had sent her back to the
hospital for almost a week. She worried that she wouldn’t be able to care for
her children if she was struggling with recovery from the surgery itself and
potentially also with complications. And she was concerned that if she were to
die, her children could fall into the foster care system. Doyley said she didn’t
see surgery as a low-risk option. She wondered aloud in the hearing if her other
children’s lives — and her own — mattered to the hospital and doctors. Kimberly
Mutcherson, a law professor at Rutgers University, said that women who want to
opt for care that seems risky to doctors often face accusations of not caring
about their babies. “You’re somebody who is a bad mother, right?” Mutcherson
said. “Which is a huge part of what the thought process is here. This is not
what mothers do. Mothers sacrifice, including allowing somebody to cut you
open.” Obstetricians care for two interconnected patients — the mother and her
fetus. Sometimes their needs conflict. When that happens, the ethical guidelines
for the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists say the doctor
should prioritize the well-being of the mother. However, these cases show that
doctors sometimes elevate the welfare of the fetus over the mother, said
Elizabeth Kukura, a law professor at Drexel University. “It reflects a deep
understanding of women as the incubators,” Kukura said. “Women in their role as
childbearers.” The hearing dragged on for more than two hours. At one point,
Doyley asked for a transfer to another hospital because she did not want anyone
involved in the hearing to operate on her if she needed a C-section. Hospital
officials said that wasn’t likely to happen since another hospital would have to
accept her as a patient first. Doyley agreed to stay at University of Florida
Health but asked if the hospital could assign a Black nurse or doctor to her
care. She wondered aloud in the hearing what would happen in the morning, after
the 6 a.m. deadline imposed by the court had passed. “They’re going to tie me up
and go give me a C-section against my will?” ### A Deadline Is Set Doyley says
she doesn’t like her care being determined by nurses and doctors, most of whom
were white, who have been involved in her court hearing. Obtained by ProPublica
The judge did not order an immediate C-section, but he said the hospital could
perform one in an emergency without her consent. Doyley later said she did her
best to maintain her poise and composure. And at the end, she even thanked the
judge and highlighted how absurd the whole thing felt to her. “I appreciate you
spending two hours on a Sunday going through my medical history and fighting for
my vagina and my baby,” she said. ### The Judge Rules Doyley thanks the judge at
the end of the hearing, trying to keep her composure. Obtained by ProPublica
Overnight, doctors said the baby’s heart rate dropped for several minutes. They
rushed Doyley into surgery, and she, once again, gave birth via C-section. The
next morning at 8 a.m., nurses again put Doyley in front of a tablet for a final
hearing. Doyley said the baby was born at 2 a.m., and she still hadn’t been
taken to the neonatal intensive care unit to see her daughter. “Tell them I
don’t want to be on,” she said. “Y’all can have your own meeting. I want to see
my child.” Once Kalil heard the baby had been born, he wished Doyley well and
closed the case. ### The Case Is Closed Hours after her C-section delivery,
Doyley finds herself back in a hearing before she even gets to see her baby.
Obtained by ProPublica In response to questions from ProPublica, Kalil wrote in
an email that the judicial code of conduct prohibits judges from commenting on
cases. “These ethical standards exist to protect the integrity of the judicial
process, ensure fairness to all parties, and preserve the Court’s neutrality,”
he wrote. For a year, Doyley and her family tried to forget about the case and
move on. But she couldn’t shake the feeling of violation. She said if the
hospital could force her to undergo surgery, it could happen to anyone. “When we
use the courts to basically strong-arm, bully someone into an unnecessary
medical procedure against their will, it’s akin to torture, in my eyes,” Doyley
said. The post She Was in Labor at a Florida Hospital. Then She Was in Zoom
Court for Refusing a C-Section.
[https://www.propublica.org/article/florida-court-hearing-c-section] appeared
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