Clinical Profile, Intensive Care Needs, and Outcome of Children with Adenoviral Pneumonia: A Retrospective Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d874711e211">Background and aims</h5>
<p dir="auto" id="d874711e213">Adenoviral pneumonia is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among children.
There is limited data about the clinical profile, intensive care needs, and outcomes
of children with adenoviral pneumonia from resource-limited settings.
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d874711e216">Patients and methods</h5>
<p dir="auto" id="d874711e218">This retrospective study was conducted in the pediatric emergency room (PER) and pediatric
intensive care unit (PICU) of a tertiary care hospital in North India over a period
of a period of 2 years (July 2022 to June 2024). The data collection included demographic
and clinical features, laboratory investigations, complications, treatment, intensive
care needs, and outcomes.
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d874711e221">Results</h5>
<p dir="auto" id="d874711e223">Eighty-five children were enrolled, majority were <1 year of age and males (71.7%
each). All presented with fever and respiratory symptoms. The common complications
were acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (47%), multiple organ dysfunction
syndrome (MODS) (26%), shock (25%), and encephalopathy (25%). PICU admission was needed
in 46% of children. The intensive care needs included invasive mechanical ventilation
(48%), CPAP (39%), HFNC (9%), vasoactive drugs (25%), IVIG (8%), RRT (6%), and cidofovir
(5%). The duration of ER, PICU, and hospital stay was 48 (24–96) hours, 7 (4–14) days,
and 9 (5–18) days, respectively. The mortality rate was 22%. On multivariate analysis,
the independent predictors of mortality were low admission pH, myocardial dysfunction,
acute kidney (AKI), ARDS, shock, encephalopathy, MODS, and healthcare-associated infection
(HCAI).
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d874711e226">Conclusion</h5>
<p dir="auto" id="d874711e228">Infants constituted the largest group of patients requiring admission for adenoviral
infection to pediatric emergency in a tertiary care center. Common complications were
ARDS, shock, MODS, and encephalopathy. Nearly half required PICU admission for organ
support. The mortality rate was 22%; and low admission pH, myocardial dysfunction,
AKI, ARDS, shock, encephalopathy, MODS, and HCAI were independent predictors of mortality.
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<h5 class="section-title" id="d874711e231">How to cite this article</h5>
<p dir="auto" id="d874711e233">Vyasam S, Jayaram J, Sarkar S, Angurana SK, Raj S, Bora I,
<i>et al</i>. Clinical Profile, Intensive Care Needs, and Outcome of Children with Adenoviral
Pneumonia: A Retrospective Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India. Indian
J Crit Care Med 2025;29(7):586–591.
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