It is estimated that ~70% of all energy consumed in Alaska goes into heat. Residential heating data is especially hard to come by because measured data is scant and non-transferable between buildings. The low flow rates of heaters also presents another challenge, with most flow meters that are capable are designed for industrial applications, cost thousands of dollars, and break into fuel lines.
So we designed something that can measure residential fuel consumption, doesn't break into fuel lines, and costs around $200. https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/12/5664
(This is also my first peer reviewed publication and I'm super excited to finally be published)
Noninvasive Fuel Flow Monitoring System for Vented Fuel Oil Heaters
In this work, we present hardware and firmware design and preliminary testing results for a noninvasive device for measuring fuel oil consumption in fuel oil vented heaters. Fuel oil vented heaters are a popular space heating method in northern climates. Monitoring fuel consumption is useful to understanding residential daily and seasonal heating patterns and understanding the thermal characteristics of buildings. The device is a pump monitoring apparatus (PuMA) that employs a magnetoresistive sensor to monitor the activity of solenoid driven positive displacement pumps, which are commonly used in fuel oil vented heaters. PuMA accuracy for calculating fuel oil consumption was evaluated in a lab setting and found to vary up to 7% from the measured consumption value during testing. This variance will be explored more in field testing.

