From a newcomer to a newcomer, here's what I've discovered and found useful:
1) If you can't find the answer, ask people. Post the question and add a hashtag. Also, follow the @FediTips account.
2) Notifications get sent to your email. You can disable that in settings.
3) Your feed is chronological. It shows posts from people (and hashtags!) that you follow.
I'll continue in the replies.