Omar PoloMar 11
Yoïn van Spijk

Despite its looks, the English word ‘heart’ is etymologically related to ‘cardio’, ‘cordial’, ‘to record’, ‘courage’, and even Spanish ‘corazón’.

Through Germanic, Greek, and Latin, these words all derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning “heart”.

In Germanic, sound changes that are called Grimm’s Law radically changed its consonants.

Click my new infographic to learn how:

Mar 10 at 7:07pmWeb
Show threadBhargav KulkarniMar 10
@yvanspijk wow. which means sanskrit "hrday" also comes from the same PIE root!
Show threadDerPumu (he/him)Mar 10
@yvanspijk the ancient Greek (ionic) shows two words, where the second has the rho and alpha swapped, yet the two latinized words in parentheses are the same, is that correct?
Show threadYoïn van SpijkMar 10
@DerPumu That's a stupid mistake of mine. The second latinisation should be 'kradíē'. I'll correct it soon!
Show threadHans-Cees 🌳🌳🤢🦋🐈🐈🍋🍋🐝🐜Mar 11
@yvanspijk so it takes courage to set the clock to summertime. heart-warming insights
Show threadnojhan à la double douleur vaudoueMar 11
@yvanspijk Would you know a good introduction about how to read those stars, subscripts and various diacritics for reconstructed languages?
Show threadYoïn van SpijkMar 11

@nojhan
This Wikipedia page explains a lot, but it's quite technical:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_phonology

In short:
- The star indicates that the word isn't attested but is reconstructed: it's hypothetical.
- The *h's with the three numbers represent three consonants that we know were different from each other, but we have a very hard time reconstructing their exact nature.
- The circle under the r is used when this r occupies the position of a vowel, in between two consonants. It must have ... 1/

Proto-Indo-European phonology - Wikipedia

Show threadYoïn van SpijkMar 11
@nojhan 2/ ... sounded like the r in the geographical name 'Krk'. There's also an l with a circle, which must have sounded a bit like the English l in 'bottle' pronounced as 'botl'.
- Small flying h's indicate aspirated consonants. For instance, *dʰ must have sounded a bit like in 'roaDHouse', while *tʰ represented what you hear in 'boaTHouse'.
- The accent on the k is explained in the graphic.
Show threadnojhan à la double douleur vaudoueMar 11
@yvanspijk Awesome, thanks.